The nitration of methanol, CH 3 OH , by nitrous acid is thought to proceed via the following mechanism: CH 3 OH + H + → CH 3 OH 2 + CH 3 OH 2 + → CH 3 + + H 2 O CH 3 + + NO 2 − → CH 3 NO 2 Suppose the first step is the RDS. What is the expected rate law in terms of the original reactants?
The nitration of methanol, CH 3 OH , by nitrous acid is thought to proceed via the following mechanism: CH 3 OH + H + → CH 3 OH 2 + CH 3 OH 2 + → CH 3 + + H 2 O CH 3 + + NO 2 − → CH 3 NO 2 Suppose the first step is the RDS. What is the expected rate law in terms of the original reactants?
The following reaction is catalyzed by H₂SO4:
CH3COOH + CH3CH₂OH → CH3COOCH2CH3 + H₂O
Which type of reaction does this represent?
Addition
Hydrolysis
Elimination
Esterification
Use a sheet of paper to answer the following question. Take a picture of your answers and attach to this assignment.
Draw the mechanism for the acid-catalyzed reaction of acetic acid (ethanoic acid) with the methanol to yield methyl acetate (methyl ethanoate).
O
O
HCI
H3C
+ CH3OH
OH
H3C
OCH 3
+ H₂O
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is the alcohol found in beverages. It is oxidized in the body to acetaldehyde by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. Methanol (CH3OH), also known as wood alcohol, is converted to formaldehyde by the same enzyme. Acetaldehyde is toxic, but formaldehyde is far more toxic to humans, which is why the ingestion of relatively small amounts of methanol can cause blindness or death. One treatment for mild methanol poisoning is the administration of ethanol. Why might a doctor choose this treatment?
A. Ethanol likely irreversibly binds to alcohol dehydrogenase which prevents the formation of formaldehyde.
B. The doctor has given up on the patient and administers ethanol for sedation.
C. Ethanol must act as a competitive inhibitor for the alcohol dehydrogenase and therefore slows the formation of formaldehyde.
D. The ethanol is likely an uncompetitive inhibitor and binds to a site other than the active site of the enzyme.
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