Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321820464
Author: Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina Brissenden
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 12KESP
Which of the three orbits shown below (A, B, or C) would you say most closely matches the shape of Earth's orbit around the Sun? Explain your reasoning.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Learn your wayIncludes step-by-step video
schedule01:40
Students have asked these similar questions
Which variable has greater influence on the calculated mass of the planet: the semi -major axis or the orbital period?
To determine this, double the value of one variable.
Then reset the values and double the second variable.
1. The semi-major axis (distance of the moon to the planet) has a greater influence than the orbital period on the calculated mass of the planet.
2. The orbital period has a greater influence than the semi-major axis (distance of the moon from the planet) on the calculated mass of the planet.
3. The orbital period and the semi-major axis (distance of the moon from the planet) have the same influence on the calculated mass of the planet.
4. Neither the orbital period nor the semi-major axis (distance of the moon from the planet) have any influence on the calculated mass of the planet.
Using Kepler’s Third Law (r3 = MT2 where M is the mass of the central star) find the orbital radius in astronomical units of this planet. M = 1.5 times the mass of the sun. Remember to convert days to years using 365.25 as the length of a year in days.
Key Points to know:
- The semimajor axis of the planet in AU is r = 0.0379 AU
- The circumference of the orbit is l = 3.562 x 10^10 m
- The orbital velocity in m/s is v = 1.874 x 10^5 m/s
Questions that need to be answered:
- With that orbital velocity, the radius of the orbit in meters, find the centripetal acceleration of our exoplanet:
- Knowing the acceleration that our planet experiences, calculate the force that the host star exerts on the planet:
- Knowing the force on the planet, the orbital radius, and the mass of the parent star, use the equation for gravitational force to find the mass of our planet (m2). (To get m1 in kg multiply the mass of the star in solar masses by 1.98 x 1030).
From the data measured read off the period, P and the orbital radius, a from thegraph for the moon Ganymede . These values will have units of hours for the period P, and Jupiter Diameters (J.D.) for a. Enter your results here:P (period) = _________ hours a (orbital radius) = ________ J.D.
After,In order to use Kepler's Third Law, you need to convert the period into years, using: 1 day = 24 hours and 1 year = 365.25 days. The orbital radius must be converted to A.U., using 1050 J.D. = 1 A.U. Enter your converted values here: P (period) = _________ years a (orbital radius) = ________ A.U.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
Ch. 2 - Does this planet obey Kepler's second law? How do...Ch. 2 - If you were carefully watching this planet during...Ch. 2 - Draw two lines: one connecting the planet at...Ch. 2 - Pick any two planet positions (C, D, E, F, G, H,...Ch. 2 - How would the time it takes the planet to travel...Ch. 2 - During which of the two time intervals for which...Ch. 2 - During which of the two time intervals for which...Ch. 2 - Does the planet appear to be traveling the same...Ch. 2 - At which position would the planet have been...Ch. 2 - At Position D, is the speed of the planet...
Ch. 2 - Provide a concise statement that describes the...Ch. 2 - Which of the three orbits shown below (A, B, or C)...Ch. 2 - Which of the listed objects would experience the...Ch. 2 - Describe the extent to which you think Earth's...Ch. 2 - Which of the two planets (Esus or Sulis) do you...Ch. 2 - If Esus and Sulis were to switch positions, would...Ch. 2 - Do you think the orbital period for Esus would...Ch. 2 - Imagine both Esus and Sulis were in orbit around...Ch. 2 - According to the graph, would you say that the...Ch. 2 - How far from the central star does a planet orbit...Ch. 2 - How long does it take a planet to complete one...Ch. 2 - Based on your results from Questions 6 and 7,...Ch. 2 - What is the name of the planet that you identified...Ch. 2 - Using the information provided in the table above...Ch. 2 - A student in your class makes the following...Ch. 2 - Review your answers to Questions 1-4. Do you still...Ch. 2 - Given that Earth is much larger and more massive...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2NEPCh. 2 - How would the strength of the force between the...Ch. 2 - On the diagram, clearly label the location where...Ch. 2 - On the diagram, clearly label the location where...Ch. 2 - Where would the spaceprobe experience the...Ch. 2 - When the spacecraft is at the halfway point, how...Ch. 2 - Two students are discussing their answer to the...Ch. 2 - If the spaceprobe had lost all ability to control...Ch. 2 - Imagine that you need to completely stop the...Ch. 2 - Your weight on Earth is simply the gravitational...Ch. 2 - Which value, apparent magnitude, or absolute...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2APPCh. 2 - Prob. 3APPCh. 2 - Prob. 4APPCh. 2 - The star Lee has an apparent magnitude of 0.1 and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6APPCh. 2 - Prob. 7APPCh. 2 - Imagine that you are looking at the stars from...Ch. 2 - Repeat Question 1 for July and label the distant...Ch. 2 - In the box below, the same distant stars are shown...Ch. 2 - In the same box, draw another × to indicate the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5THPCh. 2 - Prob. 6THPCh. 2 - Starting from Earth in January, draw a line...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8THPCh. 2 - Prob. 9THPCh. 2 - Is a parsec a unit of length or a unit of angle?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11THPCh. 2 - Prob. 12THPCh. 2 - Prob. 13THPCh. 2 - Check your answers to Questions 6 and 11 and...Ch. 2 - What is the angle between you, the house, and the...Ch. 2 - You see the Moon on the horizon just above the...Ch. 2 - Compare your answers for the barn-house angle from...Ch. 2 - Do the angles from above tell you anything about...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 6PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 7PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 8PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 9PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 10PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 11PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 12PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 13PAPCh. 2 - Which object will look brighter from Earth, the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2SPEPCh. 2 - Star B has an apparent magnitude of 0, which tells...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4SPEPCh. 2 - Prob. 5SPEPCh. 2 - Prob. 6SPEPCh. 2 - Prob. 7SPEP
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
The enthalpy of combustion of a gallon (3.8 liters) of gasoline is about 31,000 kcal. The enthalpy of combustio...
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
How do studies of DNA sequences allow us to reconstruct the evolutionary history of life? What living organisms...
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
(II) How many revolutions per minute would a 22-m-diameter Ferris wheel need to make for the passengers to feel...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
A locomotive accelerates a freight train of total mass M from rest, applying constant power P. Determine the sp...
Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
A 0.0502-kg pair of fuzzy dice is attached to the rearview mirror of a car by a short string. The car accelerat...
University Physics Volume 1
7. Block B in FIGURE EX7.7 rests on a surface for which the static and kinetic coefficients of friction are 0.6...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (4th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain why there are two high tides and two low tides each day. Strictly speaking, should the period during which there are two high tides be 24 hours? If not, what should the interval be?arrow_forwardWrite down an expression for the gravitational filed strength of a planet of radius R and density ρ. Please use "*" for products (e.g. B*A), "/" for ratios (e.g. B/A) and the usual "+" and "-" signs as appropriate without the quotes). For Greek letters such as ?ρ and ?π use rho and pi. Please use the "Display response" button to check you entered the answer you expectarrow_forwardPlease use the info given to answer both parts. Please circle your answers. Thank youarrow_forward
- A planet's speed in orbit is given by V = (30 km/s)[(2/r)-(1/a)]0.5 where V is the planet's velocity, r is the distance in AU's from the Sun at that instant, and a is the semimajor axis of its orbit. Calculate the Earth's velocity in its orbit (assume it is circular): What is the velocity of Mars at a distance of 1.41 AU from the Sun? What is the spacecraft's velocity when it is 1 AU from the Sun (after launch from the Earth)? What additional velocity does the launch burn have to give to the spacecraft? (i.e. What is the difference between the Earth's velocity and the velocity the spacecraft needs to have?) How fast will the spacecraft be traveling when it reaches Mars? Does the spacecraft need to gain or lose velocity to go into the same orbit as Mars?arrow_forwardShow your complete and detailed solution. Round off your answers to 4 decimal digits and box your final answers.arrow_forwardPlease show the formula you used. 1. What is the force exerted by the Sun on Earth? (Mass of Earth: mE = 5.97 × 1024 [kg] , Mass of Sun: mS = 1.99 × 1030 [kg]) answer format: F(SE) =___ E=____ choose one direction: a) +i b) +j c) +k 2. What is the force exerted by the Moon on Earth? (Mass of Moon: mM = 7.34 × 1022 [kg] ) answer format: F(ME) =___ E=____ choose one direction: a) +i b) +j c) +karrow_forward
- Use the figure below to answer the following question. In this Earth-Sun system drawing we have indicated the direction of both the daily rotation of Earth about its own axis and its annual orbit about the Sun. Imagine you are the observer shown on Earth in the northern hemisphere. Three months prior to the time shown, what constellation is highest in the sky at noon? To North Star Pisces Aquarius Capricornus Aries 1 day Sagittarius Scorpius Taurus 365 days Libra Gemini Virgo Cancer Leo A. Scorpius B. Aquarius O C. Virgo O D. Leo E. Cancerarrow_forwardWhere T = orbital period in Earth years and R = distance of the planet from the sun in A.U.’s. From this equation how would you describe the relationship between T2 and R3?arrow_forwardAssume that the planet's orbit is circular of radius R = 130 × 106 km and planet's period is T = 30 × 10° s. What is the magnitude of the vector J = r x r' (in units of square kilometers per second)? (Use decimal notation. Give your answer to three decimal places.) ||J|| = x10° km²/s Find the rate at which the planet's radial vector sweeps out area in units of square kilometers per second. (Use decimal notation. Give your answer to three decimal places.) dA x10° km²/s dtarrow_forward
- The planet Mercury takes 0.24 sidereal years to go around the sun. What is the distance from the center of Mercury to the center of the sun? (Remember 1 sidereal year = 1 revolution) * Your answer The Planet Jupiter's mean orbital radius is 5.2025 AU's. What is the period of Jupiter in Earth years? Your answer There is belt of asteroids between Mars and Jupiter which circles the "inside" of our solar system. This "Asteroid Belt" has a mean radius from the Sun of 2.6 AU's. How long does it take for one asteroid in the belt to travel around the Sun once? * Your answerarrow_forwardWhat do you mean by the precession angular speed?arrow_forwardUse three decimals throughout your solution and round answers to threedecimal places. Show complete solution. Box your final answers.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Time Dilation - Einstein's Theory Of Relativity Explained!; Author: Science ABC;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuD34tEpRFw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY