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Define α (alpha) hemolytic, β (beta) hemolytic, and γ (gamma) hemolytic and describe how each look on blood agar plates
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- Not only is blood agar an enriched medium that can support fastidious organism growth, but it can also serve as a differential medium in the identification of streptococcal species because of the presence of red blood cells that can be destroyed by an organism's hemolysins. Looking at this photo, how could you describe the organism growing on the surface of this blood agar plate? Multiple Choice a) Gamma-hemolytic b) Alpha-hemolytic c) Non-hemolytic d) Beta-hemolyticDifferentiate Streptolysin O from Streptolysin S. What titer is significant for streptococcal infection? Discuss the principle behind ASO titration method based on Neutralization reaction.Show a diagram of beta-hemolysis and alpha-hemolysis by different bacteria on blood agar and explain with detail.
- Discuss the different methods for RBC preservation including their corresponding purposes a) Rejuvenationb) Freezingc) Anticoagulants and additive solutionsList the ingredients and recipe (in gram or milligram) to make one liter (1000 ml) of Trypticase Soy Agar, nutrient agar, and Columbia blood medium (use a tableYou are working in a lab studying Streptococcus pyogenes as a cause of necrotizing fasciitiis. You have an overnight culture that you want to know the starting concentration of, so do a set of six 1:10 serial dilutions (putting 1 mL from the stock into a 9 mL blank), with tube #1 being 1:10, #2 is 1:100, etc. You plate 0.1 mL from tube 5 onto a blood agar plate and the next morning count 134 colonies. How many bacteria (measured in CFU/mL) were in the overnight culture flask? A. 1.34 x 10^4 CFU/mL B. 1.34 x 10^5 CFU/mL C. 1.34 x 10^6 CFU/mL D. 1.34 x 10^7 CFU/mL E. 1.34 x 10^8 CFU/mL F. cannot tell based on the data given - you'd need to know the volume of the original culture flask
- Why is washing with Hank’s balanced salt solution with 0.5% antibiotic-antimycotic done for Splenocyte Preparation?Is UVC disinfection of N95 face masks effective? Give two (2) important considerations for UVC disinfection of N95 face masks to be effective?How many different types of colonies can you find on the blood agar plate? describe each. (As shown in pictures below) What possible types of bacteria ? (As shown in pictures below)
- Consider the photos here which demonstrate antibiotic sensitivities of Staphylococcus aureus strains as determined by the Kirby-Bauer method. Abbreviations are as follows: C = chloramphenicol; CC = clindamycin; CZ = cefazolin; E = erythromycin; NOR = norfloxacin; OX = oxacillin; P = penicillin; RA = rifampin; SAM = sulbactam-ampicillin; SXT = sulfatrimethoprim; TE = tetracycline; VA = vancomycin. Imagine that only two cellular changes occurred in the original strain (the first image, on the top) that resulted in the resistance pattern of the strain in the second image (on the bottom). Which combination of mechanisms could explainthese results?Choose one or more: A.expression of efflux pumps B.overproduction of PABA C.production of β-lactamase D.altered penicillin-binding protein E.modification of either 50S or 30S ribosomal subunits F.altered DNA gyraseA) Draw and label the set-up of Manual paraffin wax infiltration. B) Answer the following questions:1. Differentiate the 3 types of tissue Impregnation in terms of: 2. Impregnation Techniques Advantages Disadvantages A. Paraffin Infiltration B.Celloidin Infiltration C.Gelatin Impregnation C) What is the required volume of embedding medium for routine tissue processing? D) What is Plastic embedding? What is Double embedding?Caffeine is used in bilirubin assays to: 1) Stop the diazo reaction 2) Accelerate indirect bilirubin reaction 3) Accelerate direct bilirubin reaction 4) Precipitate proteins 5) Reduce sodium nitrite no references, just homework