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Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781305079243

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Chapter17: Electrochemistry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 118AE

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Consider the reaction: Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s) What is the half-cell reaction for reduction?
Multiple Choice
О
Fe(s) -> Fe2+(aq) + 2 e-
Cu2+(aq) + 2 e-→ Cu(s)
О
Cu(s) → Cu2+(aq) + 2e-
Fe(s) + 2 e-→ Fe2(aq)

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Consider a galvanic cell based on the following half-reactions: a. What is the expected cell potential with all components in their standard states? b. What is the oxidizing agent in the overall cell reaction? c. What substances make up the anode compartment? d. In the standard cell, in which direction do the electrons flow? e. How many electrons are transferred per unit of cell reaction? f. If this cell is set up at 25C with [Fe2+] = 2.00 104 M and [La3+] = 3.00 103 M, what is the expected cell potential?
What is the standard cell potential you would obtain from a cell at 25C using an electrode in which Hg22+(aq) is in contact with mercury metal and an electrode in which an aluminum strip dips into a solution of Al3+(aq)?
An electrolysis experiment is performed to determine the value of the Faraday constant (number of coulombs per mole of electrons). In this experiment, 28.8 g of gold is plated out from a AuCN solution by running an electrolytic cell for two hours with a current of 2.00 A. What is the experimental value obtained for the Faraday Constant?
Given this reaction, its standard potential, and the standard half-cell potential of 0.34 V for the Cu2+ |Cu half-cell, calculate E° for the Fe(s)|Fe2+(aq) half-cell.
At 298 K, the solubility product constant for PbC2O4 is 8.5 1010, and the standard reduction potential of the Pb2+(aq) to Pb(s) is 0.126 V. (a) Find the standard potential of the half-reaction PbC2O4(s)+2ePb(s)+C2O42(aq) (Hint: The desired half-reaction is the sum of the equations for the solubility product and the reduction of Pb2+. Find G for these two reactions and add them to find G for their sum. Convert the G to the potential of the desired half-reaction.) (b) Calculate the potential of the Pb/PbC2O4 electrode in a 0.025 M solution of Na2C2O4.
At 298 K, the solubility product constant for Pb(IO3)2 is 2.6 1013, and the standard reduction potential of the Pb2+(aq) to Pb(s) is 0.126 V. (a) Find the standard potential of the half-reaction Pb(IO3)2(s)+2ePb(s)+2IO3(aq) (Hint: The desired half-reaction is the sum of the equations for the solubility product and the reduction of Pb2+. Find G for these two reactions, and add them to find G for their sum. Convert the G to the potential of the desired half-reaction.) (b) Calculate the potential of the Pb/Pb(IO3)2 electrode in a 3.5 103 M solution of NaIO3.
The mass of three different metal electrodes, each from a different galvanic cell, were determined before and after the current generated by the oxidation-reduction reaction in each cell was allowed to flow for a few minutes. The first metal electrode, given the label A, was found to have increased in mass; the second metal electrode, given the label B, did not change in mass; and the third metal electrode, given the label C, was found to have lost mass. Make an educated guess as to which electrodes were active and which were inert electrodes, and which were anode(s) and which were the cathode(s).
For each reaction listed, determine its standard cell potential at 25 C and whether the reaction is spontaneous at standard conditions. (a) Mn(s)+Ni2+(aq)Mn2+(aq)+Ni(s) (b) 3Cu2+(aq)+2Al(s)2Al3+(aq)+3Cu(s) (c) Na(s)+LiNO3(aq)NaNO3(aq)+Li(s) (d) Ca(NO3)2(aq)+Ba(s)Ba(NO3)2(aq)+Ca(s)
An aqueous solution of an unknown salt of gold is electrolyzed by a current of 2.75 amps for 3.39 hours. The electroplating is carried out with an efficiency of 93.0%, resulting in a deposit of 21.221 g of gold. a How many faradays are required to deposit the gold? b What is the charge on the gold ions (based on your calculations)?
At 298 K, the solubility product constant for solid Ba(IO3)2 is 1.5 109. Use the standard reduction potential of Ba2+(aq) to find the standard potential for the half-reaction Ba(IO3)2(s)+2eBa(s)+2IO3(aq)
It took 150. s for a current of 1.25 A to plate out 0.109 g of a metal from a solution containing its cations. Show that it is not possible for the cations to have a charge of 1+.

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