Historical Systems of Power, Governance, and Authority
MacKenzie L Leliefeld
Western Governors University
Themes in U.S. and World History- Task 3
A. The rise of new imperialism of the 19th and early 20th century involved Europe going into Africa. The causes of imperialism in Africa were partly due to the decolonization in America. The European powers were out political and economic gain by the United States gaining their independence. In 1876 European powers especially King Leopold II of Belgium, agreed in the Berlin Conference to split up the land in Africa, no longer invading to colonize but to gain political, military and economic power. The methods to imperialism of the African land were done differently, by each
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This downfall came due to the amount of soldier and horses being placed into the war leaving the peasants at home with a loss of man power to continue a, "standard of living"( Causes of the Russian Revolution 2). Due to the decrease in man power, and materials to use at the home front, prices increased and a hunger endemic began. With hunger increasing and inflation of prices continuing strikes began, which eventually stopped transportation. When the transportation stopped supplies and food did not get to the soldiers at war decreasing the amount of people who believed in the czar. The goal of the peasants of the Russian Revolution of 1917, was to gain a new leader and for their voices to be heard. In March 1917, a riot of peasants, and soldiers stormed the streets with the support of the Duma, a group of government officials, forcing Nicolas II out of power. The Indian Independence Movement was a nonviolent revolution that gained India's independence in August 15, 1947 from Britain, French and Portugal. The start of the revolution began in 1857 when Indian soldiers rebelled against the British East Indian Company when Indian political rights were not being honored, however British squashed the matter. Eventually, non- violent movements began in 1918-1922 when, "suppression of civil liberties, political rights and culture," were not being recognized by the British (Sharma, S. (2010)). The movement was led by the Indian
The instant consequences to the emancipation of the serfs left Russia crippled, ironic, when alleged that it intended to advance Russia’s status. Many historians argue that despite abolishing serfdom, the means in which it was carried out didn’t coincide with reality. Subsequently, there were many riots which caused a rise of political groups such as Narodnik movement whose existence proves that Russian society was changing. Disorder spread with calls for change within Russia like In May 1862 where a number of pamphlets were issued including the radical Young Russia. Such propaganda aimed to gain support and create challenging individuals which would pressure the Tsar to make further changes. One could argue that as a result this led to the 1905 revolution and the end of Tsardom.
Another reason for the Tsar’s downfall was the impact the war had in Russia. There was increased inflation and there were seven price rises from 1913 to 1917. As so many people were fighting in the war, there were not enough people to work on the land which meant less food. This meant even more starvation amongst the poor. The people blamed the Tsar for not doing enough to help
The extent of the old orders refusal to accept reform lead to the outbreak of revolution in Russia. It stemmed from the social order in Russia with the emergence of middle classes, the gaining of intelligence among the lower classes and the privilege for so few. The appalling living conditions, coupled with food shortages along economic systems including the collection of taxes and increasing international commitments and pressures lead to the downfall of the Tsarist regime. Tsar Nicholas II faced opposition from philosophers and revolutionaries during his reign; it was a very challenging time to be leader.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 involved the collapse of an empire under Tsar Nicholas II and the rise of Marxian socialism under Lenin and his Bolsheviks. It sparked the beginning of a new era in Russia that had effects on countries around the world.
The Russian revolution was a time which ended the Russian monarchy, created the provisional government and led to Russia being the world’s first communist country. Some significant causes were food, coal, industrial supply shortages, Bloody Sunday, Russification and the living conditions for peasants. This essay will be educating you about the revolution and the significant causes of the revolution.
The Russian Revolution was a revolution in Russia in the years 1917-1918. During the revolution, Russians brought the Bolsheviks to power and got rid of the czar. The Russian people were better off before the Russian Revolution. Reasons behind the revolution were because their was a lot more famine, some agricultural production decreased, and Stalin caused numerous “purges” to happen.
There are hundreds of events which occurred over a long period of time that could have been the cause of the 1917 Russian Revolution. Most of these events would have played at least a small part in the creation of the revolution although the real question is which events were the most significant or had the most impact on the forming of it. After researching the various events that could have been the main cause I found that the most significant causes of the 1917 Russian Revolution were the famine in the cities, the Tsar’s failure to take action and the lack of improvement for the working class citizens after the 1905 Revolution.
By February 1917, poor management of the government led to food shortages and famine gripped the cities. Industrial workers went on strike and people began rioting in the streets of St. Petersburg. Nicholas feared all was lost and abdicated the throne. By the spring of 1917, Russia was engaged in a full civil war, with anti-tsar Bolshevik forces led by Vladimir Lenin.
They forced Nicholas II to abdicate his throne, thus it is clear to see that the people are on opposing sides. Secondly, the main reason the Russian Revolution happened is because of the aftermath of World War I, with Russia’s economy destroyed and bread shortages. As History.com stated, “The immediate cause of the February Revolution–the first phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917–was Russia’s disastrous involvement in World War I (1914-18)... The economy was hopelessly disrupted by the costly war effort, and moderates joined Russian radical elements in calling for the overthrow of the czar.” In the war Russia lost horribly and lost a lot of money in the war efforts, therefore people protested because of food shortages and they wanted to overthrow the tsar. Next, there were many short term effects from this revolution. Schoolworkhelper.net declared that a majority of the population were either poor or peasants. Because of all the fighting and expenses from the World War, the economy crashes and all the prices went up, making it so people could not get as much food for their money. Finally, one of the long term results of the Russian Revolution is that there was a new form of government put
Many problems led to the rise of the Russian Revolution. One of the main causes of the Russian Revolution was that tsar's reactionary policies and the dissolution of the Duma. Another major cause of the Russian Revolution was the inefficiency of the government’s prosecution of World War I. As a result the economy was ruined and it was shown that the Russian military could not fight against central and Western Europe.
The years leading up to the Russian revolution consisted of many wars. These wars required a lot out of the Russian government and the Russian people, especially considering they lost all but one of the wars. With depleted resources from the war efforts, many people became poor, jobless, and hungry. On March 8, 1917, a riot broke out in the city of Petrograd (History.com Staff). The riot was started by women hope for more bread; however, this riot sparked a revolution throughout the country. Within the next few days Tsar Nicholas II, Russia’s leader, stepped down, and the country then became divided between two parties.
First, the peasants that made up the majority of the Russian population. They were incredibly poor, and there was barely enough food produced from the harvest to survive on. This was compounded by the fact that there was a large population
The events leading up to the Revolution of February 1917 were crucial in laying the grounds for an uprising that would eradicate the Tsarist regime. The various causes, together, ultimately worked hand in hand in causing the revolution, yet it can be argued that it was due to certain occurrences that tipped the scale. The outbreak of the First World War was an extremely important factor, so much so that it lost Nicholas II the support of the army. Other important factors to consider include the Tsar’s perpetual commitment to Autocratic rule, and the shortages in food and fuel, which, combined with the long term discontentment, all equated to the uprising that began on the 23rd February in 1917.
Reasons Behind the Russian Revolution In March 1917, the situation for the Russians had become desperate and
The Russian Revolution of 1917 was the outcome of discontent amongst the peasants for over centuries under the Tsarist autocracy. However, the desperate need to dismantle and revolt against the regime sparked within them during the reign of Tsar Nicolas II, who proved to be an incompetent autocrat. The Tsar’s reliance on his weak and indecisive character throughout handling the matters of his empire expanded upon numerous long-term causes of the Russian Revolution. Economic causes included the industrialization of Russia, which resulted in proletariats protesting for better working conditions and wages. As for social causes, they included the sufferings of poverty-stricken peasants due to prevalent classism, as well as the Tsar’s inadequate