Understanding Our Universe
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780393614428
Author: PALEN, Stacy, Kay, Laura, Blumenthal, George (george Ray)
Publisher: W.w. Norton & Company,
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Chapter 9.3, Problem 9.3CYU
To determine
The property of asteroid when it is not spherical.
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What is the escape velocity from an asteroid with a diameter of 100 km and an average relative density of 2.5? (The solution is 59 m/s)
Consider a spherical asteroid with a density ρ = 3 g/cm3 and a radiusR = 100 km. If its surface is covered with a thin layer of (loosely bound) regolith, what isthe shortest rotation period it can have without losing the regolith at its equator?
Consider a spherical asteroid with radius 28.2 km and mass of 5.69 x 1018 kg. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the asteroid is ?
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Fg=Gm1m2/r2
G=6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
Chapter 9 Solutions
Understanding Our Universe
Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 9.1CYUCh. 9.2 - Prob. 9.2CYUCh. 9.3 - Prob. 9.3CYUCh. 9.4 - Prob. 9.4CYUCh. 9.5 - Prob. 9.5CYUCh. 9.6 - Prob. 9.6CYUCh. 9 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 4QAP
Ch. 9 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 8QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 10QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 11QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 16QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 18QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 21QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 22QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 23QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 26QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 30QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 31QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 33QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 35QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 36QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 37QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 42QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 45QAP
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- You are a planetary scientist studying the atmosphere of Jupiter through a large telescope when you observe an asteroid approaching the planet. This asteroid is large, so you know it is held together by gravity rather than the cohesive forces that hold a large rock together. If the asteroid gets too close to Jupiter, the massive tidal forces will tear it apart, scattering small particles that will add to the ring system. You have calculated the closest distance the asteroid will come to Jupiter. How do you know if the asteroid will survive? a. A measure of the cohesive gravitational force holding such an asteroid together is the gravitational field on the surface due to the mass of the asteroid. This field is independent of the distance of the asteroid from Jupiter. Calculate the gravitational field at the surface of the asteroid due only to the mass of the asteroid. Assume the asteroid has a diameter of 10,000 km and a density of 1300 kg/m3. b. Tidal forces from Jupiter tend to disrupt the asteroid by pulling it apart. The tidal forces depend on the distance between Jupiter and the asteroid. There is a distance between Jupiter and the asteroid known as the Roche limit where the tidal forces are balanced by the asteroids own cohesive gravitational force. If the asteroid is within the Roche limit, it will be torn apart. Figure P7.60 shows Jupiters gravitational field as a function of distance from its center. By looking at this graph, can you determine an approximate value for the Roche limit for this asteroid in the vicinity of this planet? c. What will happen to the Roche limit if we consider an asteroid of lower density? FIGURE P7.60arrow_forwardSuppose the average mass of each of 20,000 asteroids in the solar system is 1017 kg. Compare the total mass of these asteroids to the mass of Earth. Assuming a spherical shape and a density of 3000 kg/m3, estimate the diameter of an asteroid having this average mass.arrow_forwardThe short-period comets do NOT have randomly oriented orbits because a. they are affected by the sun’s gravity. b. they are affected by the solar wind. c. they formed in the Kuiper belt, a belt-shaped region in the plane of the solar system. d. their orbits are altered by the drag of their tails in the solar wind. e. they all were originally objects ejected from the asteroid belt.arrow_forward
- 12-16. Estimate the maximum rotation rate of a strengthless asteroid (held together by gravity alone) by setting the rotation speed at the equator equal to the escape velocity. (a) Approximate the asteroid by a spherical body. (Hint: Your answer should depend only on the density of the body, not its size.)arrow_forwardThe asteroid Pallas has a mass of 2.11 ✕ 1020 kg and an average radius of about 256 km (2.56 ✕ 102 km). What is its escape velocity (in m/s)? (Hints: Use the formula for escape velocity ; remember to convert units to m, kg, and s.)________ m/sarrow_forwardWhat is the asteroid's orbital radius? What is the asteroid's orbital speed?arrow_forward
- 2. Over a period of time, an asteroid's mass increases by 40% while its speed decreased by 25%. By what percentage was the asteroid's kinetic energy decreased? (a) 14.50 (b) 17.25 (c) 21.25 (d) 32.25 (e) None of these szarli to onol (4) we c 02 Trilo a base am 005 in tolongs bon nouso A Thael olimojong ofarrow_forwardThe material ejected from the surface of asteroid would have a significant momentum. Since asteroid and all its material is _____, the ejection would cause _____ change in momentum of the asteroid, according to the ____. The ejected material is analogous to _____, and the asteroid is analogous to ____. Fill in the blank -oppositely directed -law of conservation of energy -gases expelled from a rocket -an isolated system -a rocket -law of conservation of momentum -perpendicularly directedarrow_forwardFind the mass of a hypothetical spherical asteroid 4 km in diameter and composed of rock with an average density of 2400 km/ cubic meter. (b) Find the speed required to escape from the surface of this asteroid. (c) A typical jogging speed is 3 m/s. What would happen to an astronaut who decided to go for a jog on this asteroid?arrow_forward
- Which of the following events can NOT be explained by a giant impact event? The large metallic core of Mercury The extreme axis tilt of Uranus The formation of the Moon The backwards rotation of Venusarrow_forwardPlease determine the orbital semi major axis and period of the asteroid?arrow_forwardThere is a cloud of marbles far out in space. The distance from one end of the cloud to the other is D , and the marbles all have mass m . Near the cloud are two asteroids. One of the asteroids has mass Ma and is located a distance D from the near edge of the cloud, whereas the other has mass 12Ma and is located a distance 3D from the near edge of the cloud, as shown in the illustration.arrow_forward
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