Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The reaction between hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.
Concept introduction:
A
Answer to Problem 21E
The combination reaction occurs between hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas is shown below.
Explanation of Solution
The unbalanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of elements on the left side of the reaction are not equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is unbalanced.
A coefficient of
Therefore, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.
The balanced reaction represents that the product is the formed by the combination of reactants. Therefore, this is combination reaction.
The reaction between hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas is to be classified as combination reaction.
(b)
Interpretation:
The reaction of aluminum is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.
Concept introduction:
A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.
Answer to Problem 21E
Aluminum carbonate undergoes a decomposition reaction to produce aluminum oxide and carbon dioxide.
Explanation of Solution
The unbalanced chemical equation of the reaction of aluminum carbonate is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of elements on the left side of the reaction are not equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is unbalanced.
A coefficient of
Therefore, the balanced chemical equation of the reaction of aluminum carbonate is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.
The balanced reaction represents that the products are formed after the decomposition of reactant. Therefore, it is decomposition reaction.
The reaction of aluminum carbonate is classified as decomposition reaction.
(c)
Interpretation:
The reaction between strontium metal and water is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.
Concept introduction:
A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.
Answer to Problem 21E
The single replacement reaction occurs between strontium metal and water.
Explanation of Solution
The unbalanced chemical equation for the reaction between strontium metal and water is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of elements on the left side of the reaction are not equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is unbalanced.
A coefficient of
Therefore, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between strontium metal and water is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.
The hydrogen atom is replaced by strontium atom in the above balanced reaction. Therefore, it is single replacement reaction.
The reaction between strontium metal and water is single replacement reaction.
(d)
Interpretation:
The reaction between potassium sulfate and barium hydroxide is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.
Concept introduction:
A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.
Answer to Problem 21E
The double replacement reaction occurs between potassium sulfate and barium hydroxide.
Explanation of Solution
The unbalanced chemical equation for the reaction between potassium sulfate and barium hydroxide is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of elements on the left side of the reaction are not equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is unbalanced.
A coefficient of
Therefore, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between potassium sulfate and barium hydroxide is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.
The ions of the reactants are rearranged in the above reaction. Therefore, it is a double replacement reaction.
The reaction between potassium sulfate and barium hydroxide is double replacement.
(e)
Interpretation:
The reaction between phosphoric acid and manganese hydroxide is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.
Concept introduction:
A chemical reaction is a process in which rearrangement of atom or ions takes place between two reacting species. A balanced chemical equation represents an equation in which all the reactants and products are written with their stoichiometric coefficient and physical states. The number of atoms of an element on both sides of the equation is equal.
Answer to Problem 21E
The neutralization reaction occurs between phosphoric acid and manganese hydroxide.
Explanation of Solution
The unbalanced chemical equation for the reaction between phosphoric acid and manganese hydroxide is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of elements on the left side of the reaction are not equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is unbalanced.
A coefficient of
Therefore, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between phosphoric acid and manganese hydroxide is shown below.
The numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the reaction are equal to the right side of the reaction. Therefore, the reaction is balanced.
An acid and base reacted in the above reaction. Therefore, it is neutralization reaction.
The reaction between phosphoric acid and manganese hydroxide is neutralization.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)
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