Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 43.4, Problem 1CC
Summary Introduction
To write:
The percent of interactions would be competitive if 5 species utilized the resource set.
Introduction:
The allotment of limited
In any surroundings or environment, organisms struggle for limited or incomplete resources, so organisms and diverse species have to find ways to work collectively or together with each other.
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Both hawks and owls feed on small mammals to sustain their respective populations without causing competitive exclusion. How can this work when both species live in the same geographic area?
Species facing competition might evolve mechanism that promotes coexistence rather than exclusion. Justify this statement in light of Gause’s competitive exclusionprinciple, citing suitable examples.
According to the resource-ratio hypothesis (a.k.a. R-star), what factor(s) will determine the
maximum number of competing species that could possibly coexist in a community? (Note:
either one or more-than-one answer could be correct)
.what does the number of limiting resources in a community tell us?
The number of limiting resources in the community
The net primary productivity of the community (NPP).
The number of trophic levels that are present in the community.
| The intrinsic rate of increase (r) of each species in the community.
The colonization rate of each species that can access the habitat.
Chapter 43 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 43.1 - If we mark 110 Rocky Mountain goats andrecapture...Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 43.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 43.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 43.2 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 43.3 - What is the population growth per unit of time...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 43.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.4 - Which types of factors tend to stabilize...Ch. 43.4 - A species interaction in which one species...Ch. 43.4 - According to the competitive exclusion hypothesis....Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 43 - A student decides to conduct a mark-recapture...Ch. 43 - Prob. 2TYCh. 43 - Prob. 3TYCh. 43 - Prob. 4TYCh. 43 - Prob. 5TYCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYCh. 43 - Prob. 7TYCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYCh. 43 - Prob. 9TYCh. 43 - Prob. 10TYCh. 43 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 43 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 43 - A principle of biology is that biology affects our...Ch. 43 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 43 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Which statement about the classic competition experiments involving two Paramecium species is FALSE? The experiment involved interspecific competition. The experiment involved exploitation competition. Each species, when grown alone, exhibited logistic growth. When grown together, the species exhibited logistic growth, but each reached a lower carrying capacity than when it was grown alone.arrow_forwardSuppose that blue sheep are the most important prey of snow leopard, and that the predator‒prey interaction follows Lotka‒Volterra dynamics. The mortality rate of snow leopard in the absence of blue sheep is 0.1 per week, and the intrinsic growth rate of blue sheep in the absence of snow leopard predation is 0.2 per week. Snow leopard capture efficiency is 0.002, and the efficiency at which blue sheep biomass is converted into snow leopard biomass is 0.2. If there are initially 30 snow leopards and 400 blue sheep, the overall rate of change in the blue sheep population will be a gain of ____ per week.arrow_forwardSupport this with evidence: In this food web model, plants A, B and C are the autotrophic organisms that serve as the producers of the food web model. The herbivores A, B and C serve as the primary consumers meanwhile the omnivores A and B serve as the secondary consumers of this model. Then, the last level is the top predator. To describe the model formulated, the populations of these organisms, in a particular ecosystem, was recorded over a period of 61 days. It is observed that at Day 0, the plant populations are the highest, which is around 5000. The herbivore populations are found in a range of 2000-3000 and the omnivore populations can be seen to be below 1000. With gradual increase in the number of days, we can see here that the food chain is coming into play. The green plants are being consumed by the herbivores, leading to fluctuations in the plant populations. The herbivores are, in turn, being consumed by the omnivores. We can see that with increasing time, only…arrow_forward
- When populations of ocean perch and herring are reduced, which other species in this ecosystem are directly affected? Identify at least two species that directly lose their food source.arrow_forwardDraw on one graph, with N2 on the y-axis and N1 on the x-axis, the isoclines for the twocompetitors with the carrying capacities and competition coefficients listed below. Will thesespecies coexist? If not, which species will win? Competitor 1 Competitor 2 K1 = 200, α12 = 0.4 K2 = 400, α21 =1arrow_forwardAccording to the competitive exclusion principle, two species cannot exist together if they occupy the same niche. Either they diverge their niches so they can coexist or one species will die out.All of the following are consistent with the principle of competitive exclusion EXCEPT Select one: a. Birds and bats both consume flying insects, but birds are active in the day and bats are active at night. b. Two species that share the same niche will exclude other competing species. c. Different bird species forage for insects in different parts of the same tree. d. When two species of Paramecium are grown in the same medium, one strain will eventually eliminate its competitor.arrow_forward
- Do the above hypothesis support the graph? Explain Foraging in a mixed-species flock scenario, the assumption is that the establishment of mixed-species flocks will enhance feeding productivity.arrow_forwardThe use of the same limiting resource by two species is called (A) parasitism, (B) competition, (C) mutualism, (D) optimal foraging, (E) character displacement.arrow_forwardHerbivory is beneficial for the animal (+) but harmful to the plant it eats (−). What are some + − interactions among animal populations? What is the difference between commensalism and mutualism?arrow_forward
- What is a benefit of uniform dispersion? decreased competition increased resources easier reproduction increased competitionarrow_forwardCompare the survival and reproduction strategies of altricial species and precocial species. Although quite different, why are they both successful in maintaining the population of a species? ✓✓✓arrow_forwardIn a food web, two different species can directly affect each other’s abundance via _ competition or may in fact have their abundance indirectly regulated by a higher trophic level, a phenomenon called ____ competition. a) Intraspecific, apparent b) Interspecific, apparent c) Intraspecific, apparent d) Apparent, interspecificarrow_forward
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