Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133104261
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 25, Problem 51P
To determine
The fraction of intensity of transmitted light to the intensity of incident light.
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A light ray with a wavelength of 589 nanometers (produced by a sodium lamp) traveling through air makes an angle of
= to find the angle of refraction,
V2
sin 0₁ V₁
y
incidence of 55° on a smooth, flat slab of dense flint glass. Use Snell's Law,
sin 02
where the index of refraction is 1.66.
...
The angle of refraction is approximately degrees.
(Type an integer or decimal rounded to two decimal places as needed.)
a) For light normally incident on an interface between vacuum and a transparent medium of index n, show that the intensity S2 of the transmitted light is given by the following equation.
b) Light travels perpendicularly through a slab of gallium phosphide, surrounded by air, with parallel surfaces of entry and exit. Apply the transmission fraction in part (a) to find the approximate overall percent transmission through the slab of gallium phosphide. Ignore light reflected back and forth within the slab.
The figure below shows the path of a beam of light through several layers with different indices of refraction. (Assume n.
1.08.)
n =
1.60
n = 1.40
n = 1.20
(a) If 01
36.0°, what is the angle 0, of the emerging beam?
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(b) What is the smallest incident angle 0, to have total internal reflection at the surface between the medium with n = 1.20 and the medium withn, = 1.08?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 25.1QQCh. 25.4 - If beam is the incoming beam in Active Figure...Ch. 25.4 - Light passes from a material with index of...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 25.4QQCh. 25.5 - Prob. 25.5QQCh. 25.7 - Prob. 25.6QQCh. 25.7 - Prob. 25.7QQCh. 25 - Prob. 1OQCh. 25 - Prob. 2OQCh. 25 - What happens to a light wave when it travels from...
Ch. 25 - Prob. 4OQCh. 25 - The index of refraction for water is about 43....Ch. 25 - Prob. 6OQCh. 25 - Light traveling in a medium of index of refraction...Ch. 25 - Prob. 8OQCh. 25 - The core of an optical fiber transmits light with...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10OQCh. 25 - A light ray travels from vacuum into a slab of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 12OQCh. 25 - Prob. 13OQCh. 25 - Prob. 14OQCh. 25 - Prob. 1CQCh. 25 - Prob. 2CQCh. 25 - Prob. 3CQCh. 25 - Prob. 4CQCh. 25 - Prob. 5CQCh. 25 - Prob. 6CQCh. 25 - Prob. 7CQCh. 25 - Prob. 8CQCh. 25 - Prob. 9CQCh. 25 - Prob. 10CQCh. 25 - Prob. 11CQCh. 25 - Prob. 12CQCh. 25 - Prob. 1PCh. 25 - Prob. 2PCh. 25 - Prob. 3PCh. 25 - Prob. 4PCh. 25 - Prob. 5PCh. 25 - Prob. 6PCh. 25 - Prob. 7PCh. 25 - An underwater scuba diver sees the Sun at an...Ch. 25 - Prob. 9PCh. 25 - Prob. 10PCh. 25 - A ray of light is incident on a flat surface of a...Ch. 25 - A laser beam is incident at an angle of 30.0 from...Ch. 25 - Prob. 13PCh. 25 - A light ray initially in water enters a...Ch. 25 - Find the speed of light in (a) flint glass, (b)...Ch. 25 - Prob. 16PCh. 25 - Prob. 17PCh. 25 - Prob. 18PCh. 25 - Unpolarized light in vacuum is incident onto a...Ch. 25 - Prob. 20PCh. 25 - Prob. 21PCh. 25 - Prob. 22PCh. 25 - Prob. 23PCh. 25 - Prob. 24PCh. 25 - 14. A ray of light strikes the midpoint of one...Ch. 25 - Prob. 26PCh. 25 - Prob. 27PCh. 25 - Prob. 28PCh. 25 - Prob. 29PCh. 25 - Prob. 30PCh. 25 - Prob. 31PCh. 25 - Around 1965, engineers at the Toro Company...Ch. 25 - Prob. 33PCh. 25 - Prob. 34PCh. 25 - Prob. 35PCh. 25 - Prob. 36PCh. 25 - Prob. 37PCh. 25 - Prob. 38PCh. 25 - Prob. 39PCh. 25 - Prob. 40PCh. 25 - Prob. 41PCh. 25 - Prob. 42PCh. 25 - A 4.00-m-long pole stands vertically in a...Ch. 25 - Prob. 44PCh. 25 - Prob. 45PCh. 25 - Prob. 46PCh. 25 - Prob. 47PCh. 25 - Prob. 48PCh. 25 - When light is incident normally on the interface...Ch. 25 - Prob. 50PCh. 25 - Prob. 51PCh. 25 - Prob. 52PCh. 25 - The light beam in Figure P25.53 strikes surface 2...Ch. 25 - Prob. 54PCh. 25 - Prob. 55PCh. 25 - Prob. 56PCh. 25 - Prob. 57PCh. 25 - Prob. 58PCh. 25 - Prob. 59PCh. 25 - Prob. 60PCh. 25 - Prob. 61PCh. 25 - Prob. 62P
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- To save money on making military aircraft invisible to radar, an inventor decides to coat them with a nonreflective material having an index of refraction of 1.20, which is between that of air and the surface of the plane. This, he reasons, should be much cheaper than designing Stealth bombers. (a) What thickness should the coating be to inhibit the reflection of 4.00-cm wavelength radar? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?arrow_forwardTwo polarizing sheets P1 and P2 are placed together with their transmission axes oriented at an angle to each other. What is when only 25% of the maximum transmitted light intensity passes through them?arrow_forwardWhen light is incident normally on the interface between two transparent optical media, the intensity of the reflected light is given by the expression S1=(n2n1n2+n1)2S1 In this equation, S1 represents the average magnitude of the Poynting vector in the incident light (the incident intensity), S1 is the reflected intensity, and n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media. (a) What fraction of the incident intensity is reflected for 589-nm light normally incident on an interface between air and crown glass? (b) Does it matter in part (a) whether the light is in the air or in the glass as it strikes the interface?arrow_forward
- Unpolarized light in vacuum is incident onto a sheet of glass with index of refraction n. The reflected and refracted rays are perpendicular to each other. Find the angle of incidence. This angle is called Brewsters angle or the polarizing angle. In this situation, the reflected light is linearly polarized, with its electric field restricted to be perpendicular to the plane containing the rays and the normal.arrow_forwardA light ray travels from vacuum into a slab of material with index of refraction n1 at incident angle θ with respect to the surface. It subsequently passes into a second slab of material with index of refraction n2 before passing back into vacuum again. The surfaces of the different materials are all parallel to one another. As the light exits the second slab, what can be said of the final angle ϕ that the outgoing light makes with the normal? (a) ϕ > θ (b) ϕ < θ (c) ϕ = θ (d) The angle depends on the magnitudes of n1 and n2. (e) The angle depends on the wavelength of the light.arrow_forwardLight enters a prism of crown glass and refracts at an angle of 5.00 with respect to the normal at the interface. The crown glass has a mean index of refraction of 1.51. It is combined with one flint glass prism (n = 1.65) to produce no net deviation. a. Find the apex angle of the flint glass. b. Assume the index of refraction for violet light (v = 430 nm) is nv = 1.528 and the index of refraction for red light (r = 768 nm) is nr = 1.511 for crown glass. For flint glass using the same wavelengths, nv = 1.665 and nr = 1.645. Find the net dispersion.arrow_forward
- The light incident on polarizing sheet P1is linearly polarized at an angle of 30.00 with respect to the transmission axis of P1 Sheet P2is placed so that its axis is parallel to the polarization axis of the incident light, that is, also at 30.0° with respect to P1 . (a) What fraction of the incident light passes through P1 ? (b) What fraction of the incident light is passed by the combination? (c) By rotating P2 , a maximum in transmitted intensity is obtained. What is the ratio of this maximum intensity to the intensity of transmitted light when P2 is at 30.0° with respect to P1 ?arrow_forwardLight traveling in a medium of index of refraction n1 is incident on another medium having an index of refraction n2. Under which of the following conditions can total internal reflection occur at the interface of the two media? (a) The indices of refraction have the relation n2 n1. (b) The indices of refraction have the relation n1 n2. (c) Light travels slower in the second medium than in the first. (d) The angle of incidence is less than the critical angle. (e) The angle of incidence must equal the angle of refraction.arrow_forwardA beam of 580-nm light passes through two closely spaced glass plates at close to normal incidence as shown in Figure P27.23. For what minimum nonzero value of the plate separation d is the transmitted light bright?arrow_forward
- In Figure P37.52, suppose the transmission axes of the left and right polarizing disks are perpendicular to each other. Also, let the center disk be rotated on the common axis with an angular speed . Show that if unpolarized light is incident on the left disk with an intensity Imax, the intensity of the beam emerging from the right disk is I=116Imax(1cos4t) This result means that the intensity of the emerging beam is modulated at a rate four times the rate of rotation of the center disk. Suggestion: Use the trigonometric identities cos2=12(1+cos2) and sin2=12(1cos2). Figure P37.52arrow_forwardIf you have completely polarized light of intensity 150 W/m2 , what will its intensity be after passing through a polarizing filter with its axis at an 89.0 angle to the light’s polarization direction?arrow_forwardThe index of refraction for water is about 43. What happens as a beam of light travels from air into water? (a) Its speed increases to 43c, and its frequency decreases. (b) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength decreases by a factor of 34. (c) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength increases by a factor of 43. (d) Its speed and frequency remain the same. (e) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its frequency increases.arrow_forward
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