Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 16, Problem 74E

A solution is prepared by mixing 100.0 mL of 1.0 × 10−4 M Be(NO3)2 and 100.0 mL of 8.0 M NaF.

Be 2+ ( a q ) + F ( a q ) B e F + ( a q ) K 1 = 7.9 × 10 4 BeF + ( a q ) + F ( a q ) B e F 2 ( a q ) K 2 = 5.8 × 10 3 BeF 2 ( a q ) + F ( a q ) B e F 3 ( a q ) K 3 = 6.1 × 10 2 BeF 3 ( a q ) + F ( a q ) B e F 4 2 ( a q ) K 4 = 2.7 × 10 1

Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of F, Be2+, BeF+, BeF2, BeF3, and BeF42− in this solution.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of different equilibrium constant for the reaction involving the formation of BeF42 in a stepwise manner is given. The equilibrium concentration of BeF3 , BeF42 , BeF42 , BeF2 , BeF+ , Be2+ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The equilibrium that is present between the species that is unionized and its ions is called ionic equilibrium.

Answer to Problem 74E

The equilibrium concentration of BeF42 is 5.0×10-5_ and equilibrium concentration of F is 4.0M_ .

The equilibrium concentration of BeF3 is 4.6×10-7M_ .

The equilibrium concentration of BeF2 is. 1.9×10-10M_ .

The equilibrium concentration of BeF+ is. 8.2×10-15M_ .

The equilibrium concentration of Be2+ is. 2.6×10-10M_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

To determine: The equilibrium concentration of BeF3 , BeF42 , BeF42 , BeF2 , BeF+ , Be2+ in the given solution.

Explanation

The equilibrium concentration of BeF42 is 5.0×105 and equilibrium concentration of F is 4.0M .

Given

The concentration of Be(NO3)2 is 1.0×104M .

The concentration of NaF is 8.0M .

The volume of Be(NO3)2 is 100.0mL .

The volume of NaF is 100.0mL .

The value of K1 is 7.9×104 .

The value of K2 is 5.8×103 .

The value of K3 is 6.1×102 .

The value of K4 is 2.7×101 .

The concentration of any species in the solution before any reaction takes place is given as,

MiVi=MfVf

Where,

  • Mi is the initial molarity.
  • Mf is the final molarity.
  • Vi is the initial volume of the solution.
  • Vf is the volume of solution after mixing.

Substitute the value of Mi , Vi and Vf of Be2+ in the above equation as,

MiVi=MfVf1.0×104M×100mL=Mf×200mLMf=5.0×105M

Similarly substitute the value of Mi , Vi and Vf of F in the above equation as,

MiVi=MfVf8.0M×100mL=Mf×200mLMf=4.00M

As it is seen from the given values of equilibrium constants that the reaction almost goes towards the completion. The final equation is therefore given as,

Be2++4FBeF42Before reaction(M) 5.0×1054.000Change (M)  5.0×1055.0×105+5.0×105After reaction (M)04.004(5.0×105)5.0×105

This gives the equilibrium concentration of BeF42 as 5.0×10-5_ and equilibrium concentration of F as 4.0M_ .

The equilibrium concentration of [BeF3] is 4.6×10-7M_ .

The equilibrium constant for the reaction involving the formation of BeF42 is given as,

K4=[BeF42][BeF3][F]

Substitute the values of K4 , [BeF42] and [F] in the above equation as,

K4=[BeF42][BeF3][F]2.7×101=5.0×105M[BeF3](4.004(5.0×105))M[BeF3]=5.0×105M2.7×101×(4.004(5.0×105))M=4.6×10-7M_

This gives the concentration of [BeF3] .

The equilibrium concentration of [BeF2] is. 1.9×10-10M_ .

The equilibrium constant for the reaction involving the formation of BeF3 is given as,

K3=[BeF3][BeF2][F]

Substitute the values of K3 , [BeF3] and [F] in the above equation as,

K3=[BeF3][BeF2][F]6.1×102=4.6×107M[BeF2](4.004(5.0×105))M[BeF2]=4.6×107M6.1×102×(4.004(5.0×105))M=1.9×10-10M_

This gives the concentration of [BeF2] .

The equilibrium concentration of [BeF+] is. 8.2×10-15M_ .

The equilibrium constant for the reaction involving the formation of BeF2 is given as,

K2=[BeF2][BeF+][F]

Substitute the values of K2 , [BeF2] and [F] in the above equation as,

K2=[BeF2][BeF+][F]5.8×103=1.9×1010M[BeF+](4.004(5.0×105))M[BeF+]=1.9×1010M5.8×103×(4.004(5.0×105))M=8.2×10-15M_

This gives the concentration of BeF+

Explanation

The equilibrium concentration of [Be2+] is. 2.6×10-10M_ .

The equilibrium constant for the reaction involving the formation of BeF+ is given as,

K1=[BeF+][Be2+][F]

Substitute the values of K1 , [BeF+] and [F] in the above equation as,

K1=[BeF+][Be2+][F]7.9×104=8.2×1015M[Be2+](4.004(5.0×105))M[Be2+]=8.2×1015M7.9×104×(4.004(5.0×105))M=2.6×10-10M_

This gives the concentration of Be2+

Conclusion

The value of equilibrium constant determines the amount of product formed and the species that are present in the solution at equilibrium.

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Chapter 16 Solutions

Chemistry

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