(a) To explain: Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.28E

To determine

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

To determine

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

To determine

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

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One study of cell phones and the risk of brain cancer looked at a group of 469 people who have brain cancer. The investigators then asked about the use of cell phones. Result: “Our data suggest that the use of hand- held cellular phones is not associated with risk of brain cancer. B . Based on this study, can you determine that cellular use does not CAUSE brain cancer? Why or why not?

A scientist is studying the effect of a new type of exercise program on cardiovascular health. The scientist randomly assigns individuals to either the exercise program or a control group. The scientist wants to determine if the exercise program has a statistically significant effect on cardiovascular health. The scientist monitors cardiovascular health by measuring the blood pressure of each individual.

Does ginkgo improve memory? The law allows marketers of herbs and other natural substances to make health claims that are not supported by evidence. Brands of ginkgo extract claim to “improve memory and concentration.” A randomized comparative experiment found no statistically significant evidence for such effects. The subjects were 350 healthy volunteers over 60 years old. They were randomly assigned to ginkgo or a placebo pill (a dummy pill that looks and tastes the same). All the subjects took a battery of tests for learning and memory before treatment started and again after six weeks. (a) The study was double-blind. Why is this important? (b) Can the results of this study be generalized to a larger population? Can cause-and-effect be inferred? Explain. (c) Explain why it is advantageous to use 350 volunteers in this study, rather than, say, 30.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.28E

To determine

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

To determine

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

To determine

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.28E

To determine

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

To determine

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

To determine

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.28E

To determine

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

To determine

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

To determine

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

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Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 1.28E

To determine

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

To determine

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

To determine

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 1.28E

To determine

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 1.28E

To determine

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

Answer 8

To determine

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

Answer 9

To determine

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

Answer 10

To determine

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

Answer 11

To determine

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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(a) To explain: Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

Solution Summary: The author explains whether this is a randomized experiment or an observational study.

Concept explainers

Videos

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

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Chapter 1 Solutions

(a) To explain: Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

Solution Summary: The author explains whether this is a randomized experiment or an observational study.

Concept explainers

Videos

(a) To explain: Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

(b) To explain: The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

(c) To explain: It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.

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Chapter 1 Solutions

(a)

To explain:

Whether this a randomized experiment or an observational study.

(b)

To explain:

The conclusion can be made on the basis of this study.

(c)

To explain:

It was advisable to assign some of the participants to wear a placebo patch.