In the F2 generation of this cross, 224/300 embryos develop into wild-type flies, while 76/300 of embryos display the lethal no head phenotype. 3. What are the F2 phenotype ratios?
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- 7-8. Assume that white color is dominant over yellow color in squash. If pollen from the anthers of a heterozygous white-fruited plant is placed on the pistil of a yellow- fruited plant, show using ratios the genotypes and phenotypes you would expect the seeds from this cross to produce. Genotypes = 1/2 Ww 1/2 Ww = 1:1 ratio | Phenotypes = All white = 1:0 ratio Genotypes = 1/2 WW 1/2 ww = 1:1 ratio | Phenotypes = 1/2 white 1/2 yellow = 1:1 ratio Genotypes = 3/4 Ww 1/4 ww = 1:1 ratio | Phenotypes = 3/4 white 1/4 yellow = 1:1 ratio Genotypes = 1/2 Ww 1/2 ww = 1:1 ratio | Phenotypes = 1/2 white 1/2 yellow = 1:1 ratioPURPLE VESTIGIAL DIHYBRID TESTCROSS In the parental generation, you mate a pure-breeding wild-type female (put/put.vg+/vg+) with a pure-breeding purple, vestigial (pu/pu;vg/vg) to produce an F1 generation that is all wild-type (put/pu;vg+/vg). Note that the F1 flies are all dihybrid. Next, you mate several F1 dihybrid females (put/pu;vg+/vg) with tester males, which are purple, vestigial (pu/pu;vg/vg). The offspring of this dihybrid testcross are: Phenotype Wild-type Purple, vestigial Vestigial Purple Genotype Tester Gamete Dihybrid Gamete Number 437 417 77 59 Copy the table into your notes and derive the dihybrid gametes following the example in the first section. The columns in blue (phenotypes and numbers of offspring) are what you can see and count. The genotypes of the testcross offspring (orange) must be deduced from the phenotypes and knowing that the tester contributed pu vg gametes. Finally, you can deduce the dihybrid gametes (green) by subtracting the tester gamete…BLACK VESTIGIAL DIHYBRID TESTCROSS In the parental generation, you mate a pure-breeding wild-type female (bl+/blt.vg+/vg+) with a pure-breeding black, vestigial (bl/bl vg/vg) to produce an F1 generation that is all wild-type (bl+/bl vg+/vg). Note that the F1 flies are all dihybrid. Next, you mate several F1 dihybrid females (bl+/bl vg+/vg) with tester males, which are black, vestigial (bl/bl;vg/vg). The offspring of this dihybrid testcross are: Phenotype Genotype Tester Gamete Dihybrid Gamete Number 440 Wild-type 394 108 135 Black, vestigial Vestigial Black Copy the table into your notes and derive the dihybrid gametes following the example in the previous section. The columns in blue (phenotypes and numbers of offspring) are what you can see and count. The genotypes of the testcross offspring (orange) must be deduced from the phenotypes and knowing that the tester contributed bl vg gametes. Finally, you can deduce the dihybrid gametes (green) by subtracting the tester gamete…
- S (smooth) is dominant to s (hairy) L (long pod) is dominant to I (short pod) (Ll is medium length) 7. Given this cross: Yy RR Bb SS LI (male) cross with yy RR Bb Ss Ll (female) a. How many different gametes can be formed by the female plant? b. How many different genotypes are possible in the F1 offspring? c. How many different phenotypes are possible in the F1 offspring? d. What percent of the F1 individuals will be: i. green, bitter, and smooth. ii. hairy, medium, and sweet iii. round, bitter, and long. 8. Two babies in a maternity ward have lost their identity bands, and there is some confusion about their footprint records. Baby #1 is type A blood; #2 is type B blood. If you are one of the mothers and your blood type is 0, which one of the following statements applies. Explain your answer. Neither baby could be yours. The type A baby is yours. The type B baby is yours. Either baby could be yours. 9. In cocker spaniels, the following genotypes and phenotypes are found: AABB =…SET 2: In corn, the following allelic pairs have been identified in chromosome 3: +/b plant color booster vs. non-booster +/lg with ligule vs. without ligule +/v green plant vs. virescent A test cross between triple recessive plants and plants heterozygous for the three pairs gave the following progeny: + v lg b + lg b v lg + + lg 305 148 58 bv + + + + 62 + v + b + + 152 275 1000 Total Calculate the parental and recombinant frequencies, the map distances between genes, and the coefficient of coincidence. Illustrate the gene map or sequence.4:12 8. A heterozygous round seeded plant (Rr) is crossed with a homozygous round seeded plant (RR). Give the expected probabilities for each genotype and phenotype. 9. A homozygous round seeded plant is crossed with a homozygous wrinkled seeded plant. What are the genotypes of the parents? X 10. In pea plants purple flowers are dominant white flowers. If two white flowered plants are crossed, what percentage of their offspring will be white flowered? % Previous What percentage of the offspring will also be homozygous? ZOOM + 12. Two plants, both heterozygous for the gene that controls flower color are crossed. Give the expected RATIOS for each genotype and phenotype. Phenotype Ratio - Gentoype Ratio - 11. A white flowered plant is crossed with a plant that is heterozygous for the trait. What percentage of the offspring will have purple flowers? 13. In guinea pigs, the allele for short hair is dominant over long hair. Two short haired guinea pigs are mated several times. Out of 100…
- 1. You are given a female F1 of unknown genotype. You cross the female fly to a homozygous male that has forked bristles and malformed eyes. The offspring of the cross is shown below: (Define symbols for your traits) Phenotype Forked bristles, normal eyes 752 Number Genotype Forked bristles, malformed 56 eyes Malformed eyes, normal bristles Normal eyes, normal bristles 820 64 a. What are the genotypes of the offspring? b. Based on the progeny, what were the genotypes of the F1 parents? What is the distance between for and mal?97 Assume that the trihybrid cross MM SS tt X mm ss TT is made in a plant species in which Mand S are dom- inant but there is no dominance between T and t. Consider the F2 progeny from this cross, and assume independent assortment. (a) How many phenotypic classes are expected? (b) What is the probability of genotype MM SS t? obib (c) What proportion would be expected to be 15 2nod bolleo homozygous for all genes? ablla Insninmobo.(om3.13 In Drosophila, the mutant allele bwdts causing brown eyes (normal eyes are red) is temperature sensitive. In flies reared at 29°C the mutant allele is dominant, but in flies reared at 22°C the mutant allele is recessive. In a cross of bwdts/+ X bwdts/+, where the + sign denotes the wild-type allele of bwdts, what is the expected ratio of brown-eyed flies to red-eyed flies if the progeny are reared at 29°C? At 22°C?
- F1 hybrids between two species of cotton, Gossypium barbadenseand Gossypium hirsutum, are very vigorous plants. However, F1crosses produce many seeds that do not germinate and a high percentageof very weak F2 offspring. Suggest two reasons for theseobservations.31 1. In guinea pig, fur color is determined by one gene, and fur length by another independently segregating gene. The black fur allele (B) is dominant to brown fur allele (b) and the short allele (S) is dominant to long fur allele (s). From progeny listed in the following table, provide the probable genotype for the parents of each cross. Phenotype of Progeny Black short black long brown short Bio3110 Genetics Additional problems (Chapter 2): Parents Black short X Black short Black short X Brown long Black long X Black long 90 17 0 32 16 35 29 14 0 brown long 8 15 2. A mouse with the genotype BbccEeFf is mated with another mouse with BBCcEEFF genotype. What is the probability of obtaining the following genotype in the progeny? a. BBCcEeFF b. BbccEEFf C. BbccEeFF 12 3. Determine the type of gametes that are formed from the following individuals with the given genotype? A. AaBbCc B. AABBCc C. AABbCc2. a. A Drosophila male from a true-breeding stockwith scabrous eyes was mated with a female from atrue-breeding stock with javelin bristles. Both scabrous eyes and javelin bristles are autosomal recessive mutant traits. The F1 progeny all had normaleyes and bristles. F1 females from this cross weremated with males with both scabrous eyes andjavelin bristles. Write all the possible phenotypicclasses of the progeny that could be produced from the cross of the F1 females with the scabrous, javelin males, and indicate for each class whether it is arecombinant or parental type.b. The cross in part (a) yielded the following progeny:77 scabrous eyes and normal bristles; 76 wild type(normal eyes and bristles); 74 normal eyes andjavelin bristles; and 73 scabrous eyes and javelinbristles. Are the genes governing these traits likelyto be linked, or do they instead assort independently? Why?c. Suppose you mated the F1 females from the crossin part (a) to wild-type males. Why would thiscross fail…