A neuroendocrine cell is best described as... A. A neuron that releases a neurotransmitter into a synapse B. An endocrine cell that secretes a hormone into the circulatory system C. A neuron that secretes a neurohormone into the circulatory system D. None of the above
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- All of the following occur during a stress response EXCEPT a. the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is activated. b. the adrenal gland releases steroid hormones. c. an increased output of the heart increases blood flow to the muscles. d. glucose is made available for energy, due to the effects of epinephrine. Which of the following is NOT true of axons? a. They can vary greatly in length b. Under normal circumstances, they carry information toward the soma c. Some of them are covered with myelin sheaths d. They release chemicals that cross the synapse1. Choose (place an X) whether the characteristic applies to the Nervous System or Endocrine System (or both) Characteristic Action is generally brief (lasting milliseconds). Action generally lasts longer (seconds to days). Mediator molecules delivered to target by bloodstream. Action potentials trigger release of mediator molecules at synapse with target. Target cells require specific protein receptor for mediator molecule. Stimulates skeletal muscle contractions. Influence is much broader; will regulate virtually all types of body cells. Controls growth & development and regulates reproductive systems. Maintains internal environments (homeostasis) Nervous Endocrine Mediator molecules include acetylcholine, glutamate, norepinephrine, serotonin Mediator molecules include aldosterone, melatonin, insulin, calcitoninNeurotransmitters and their respective receptors influence the propagation of action potentials. Why does ACh release at skeletal muscles cause excitation and muscle contractions whereas ACh release at the heart causes inhibition and a slowing down of the heart rate and force of heart contractions? O the ACh released at skeletal muscles and the heart are not similar skeletal muscles have more ACh receptors the properties of the ACh receptors are different a and b « Previous Next
- An action potential is generated at the... trigger zone of the axon postsynaptic membrane cell body axon terminalWhich.of the following statements is WRONG? Select one: O a. Nerve cells have excitable membranes O b. Nerve cells typically have one axon and several dendrites O C. Nerve cells can contact skeletal muscle cells O d. Nerve cells can only be found, in humans (or mice), in the central nervous system O e. Nerve cell bodies in the central nervous system are found in the grey matter Which of the following statements is NOT true: Select one: O a. Nerve cells typically communicate with each other at synapses Ob. Synaptic communication between nerve cells involves a soluble, chemical signal OC. Synaptic communication between nerve cells is dependent upon regulated exocytosis. O d. Synaptic communication can also occur if calcium ions are removed from the extracellular fluid.At a chemical synapse, an action potential triggers an influx of Ca²+ which .. Select one: O A. triggers the exocytosis of neurotransmitters. O B. interfere directly with IPSPS in the postsynaptic cell. O C. depolarize the synaptic terminal of the presynaptic neuron, causing an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in it. D. bind to neurotransmitter receptors on the postsynaptic cell, causing an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). O E. cause the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the postsynaptic membrane, releasing neurotransmitters into the synaptic terminals.
- Which of the following choices is CORRECT? A. cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is synthesized in the cerebral ventricles B. Dense irregular connective tissue is type of classified as connective tissue proper C. Tight junctions between capillary endothelial cells in the CNS create the blood-brain barrier, thereby restricting diffusion of hydrophilic molecules into the brain D. Plasma cell is a connective tissue cell that is derived from B lymphocytes E. All of the above F. None of the aboveCatecholamines are neurotransmitters that are produced in the adrenal glands and are released during a stress response. Some typical effects are increased heart rate, increased blood glucose levels and elevated blood pressure. Examples include dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Reserpine is a drug that can control high blood pressure by reducing the number of catecholamine neurotransmitters present in the synapse. Which f the following rows correctly identifies the effect of reserpine in the synapse and the division of the nervous system it affects? Select one: Effect in the Synapse Division of the Nervous System Keeps catecholamines longer Sympathetic nervous system in the synapse b. Effect in the Synapse Division of the Nervous System Inhibits release of catecholamines from the presynaptic neuron Sympathetic nervous system Division of the Nervous System Effect in the Synapse Inhibits release of catecholamines from presynaptic neuron Parasympathetic nervous system d. Effect in…Catecholamines are neurotransmitters that are produced in the adrenal glands and are released during a stress response. Some typical effects are increased heart rate, increased blood glucose levels and elevated blood pressure. Examples include dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Reserpine is a drug that can control high blood pressure by reducing the number of catecholamine neurotransmitters present in the synapse. Which of the following rows correctly identifies the effect of reserpine in the synapse and the division of the nervous system it affects? Select one: а. Effect in the Synapse Division of the Nervous System Keeps catecholamines longer in the synapse Sympathetic nervous system b. Effect in the Synapse Division of the Nervous System Inhibits release of catecholamines from the presynaptic neuron Sympathetic nervous system С. Effect in the Synapse Division of the Nervous System Inhibits release of catecholamines from presynaptic neuron Parasympathetic nervous system d.…
- Which of the following statements about the relationship between the nervous and endocrine systems is NOT correct? Hypothalamus controls a part of the endocrine system called the pituitary gland. Hypothalamus produces ADH Neurons of the sympathetic nervous system stimulate the production of hormones from the adrenal gland. None of these. Which refers to the time during which a neuron can undergo an action potential? the resting membrane potential the depolarization period of the neuron polarization period of the neuron O the membrane potentialFor cardiac myocytes, which of these downstream activities WOULD NOT occur when norepinephrine binds to the B, receptors of that cell? Answers A - D A PK-A phosphorylates the L-type Ca" channels increasing Ca" influx into the cell. B More Ca" is released into the cytoplasm from the sarcoplasmic reticulum because of calcium induced calcium release. PK-A phosphorylates phospholamban which then inhibits the reuptake of Ca" back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. D. PK-A phosphorylates the regulating proteins on troponin so that troponin will release Ca" quicker.tab LL What is the relationship between action potential conduction velocity and axonal diameter? O a. Action potential conduction velocity decreases with increasing axonal diameter O b. Action potential conduction velocity increases with decreasing axonal diameter Oc. Action potential conduction velocity increases with increasing axonal diameter O d. There is no relationship between the action potential conduction velocity and the axonal diameter esc QUESTION 9 It QUESTION 10 The movement of what ion occurs in the rising phase of the action potential? O a. Inward Na+ O b. Outward K OC. Outward Nat Od. Inward K QUESTION 11 Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. Type here to search ! 1 ? Q @ 2 W # * 3 E f4 $ IOI 4 H fs % R LO 5 16 10 T (O 6 4- & 7 Y 18 U