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- The results of a paternity test using short tandem repeats are listed in the table below. Whos the daddy? How sure are you?The statement DNA replicates by a semiconservative mechanism means that (a) only one DNA strand is copied (b) first one DNA strand is copied and then the other strand is copied (c) the two strands of a double helix have identical base sequences (d) some portions of a single DNA strand are old and other portions are newly synthesized (e) each double helix consists of one old and one newly synthesized strand2. Dr. Kim at Research Center performed shotgun Sanger sequencing on an unknown DNA sample, and obtained the following reads (12 reads). Since the length of each read is quite short, Dr. Kim ran the original sample in a gel electrophoresis, and realized that the original DNA is just 50 base pairs long. (Please note that the resolution of gel electrophoresis is not so good. Thus, we cannot figure out the exact length of DNA using gel electrophoresis in the real world.) 2) AGCCG AGATG GCTG 4) CTGCA AGCCG A 1) САСТС ССAGT GTACC T 3) GGAGT CAATC GC 5) GGCTG TGCTT GG 7) GATGG CTGTG 9) CAGTG TACCT GCA 11) TGCAA GCCGA G 6) CTTGG AGTCA ATCGC 8) САСТС ССAG 10) GCTGT GСТTG G 12) TGCTT GGAGT (a) Find the sequence of the original DNA (reconstruction), and align each read with the reconstructed DNA sequence. (hint: put all reads on a ppt slide, and move them around to find overlaps.) (b) Calculate coverage at each nucleotide position of the reconstructed DNA, i.e., how many reads cover that…
- 2. Dr. Kim at Ewha Research Center performed shotgun Sanger sequencing on an unknown DNA sample, and obtained the following reads (12 reads). Since the length of each read is quite short, Dr. Kim ran the original sample in a gel electrophoresis, and realized that the original DNA is just 50 base pairs long. (Please note that the resolution of gel electrophoresis is not so good. Thus, we cannot figure out the exact length of DNA using gel electrophoresis in the real world.) 1) САСТС ССAGT GTACC T 3) GGAGT CAАТC GC 5) GGCTG TGCTT GG 7) GATGG CTGTG 9) CAGTG TACCT GCA 11) TGCAA GCGA G 2) AGCCG AGATG GCTG 4) CTGCA AGCCG A 6) CTTGG AGTCA ATCGC 8) САСТС ССAG 10) GCTGT GCTTG G 12) TGCTT GGAGT (a} Find the sequence of the original DNA (reconstruction), and align each read with the reconstructed DNA sequence. (hint: put all reads on a ppt slide, and move them around to find overlaps.) (b) Calculate coverage at each nucleotide position of the reconstructed DNA, i.e., how many reads cover that…4. Explain why Maurice Wilkins and Rosalin Franklin needed to use X-rays (instead of visible light) when "taking pictures" of crystalized DNA.4. A scientist cuts a large amount of DNA using a restriction enzyme that she believes will produce a range of DNA pieces that are relatively similar in size. Scientists can vary the density of the agar gels by varying the amount of agar in the gel. Would she want to make an agarose gel with a higher or lower amount of agarose in order to resolve the DNA bands? A higher amount of agarose in the gel makes it stiffer. Explain.
- 5. The DNA sample in your final vial contains numerous strands of DNA ( 46 chromosomes from EACH cell lysed; and we hope hundreds of cells were lysed). Despite having all of this DNA present in your vial with the Master Mix, only one specific portion of your DNA will be amplified ; which part? How are we able to locate and copy just this region instead of accidentally copying other regions of DNA ?4. what is The entire complement of DNA sequences in an organism.?9. You have two tubes, each containing a different DNA fragment. The fragments are the same size but have different, known sequences. The labels have worn off the tubes, so you don't know which tube is which. How can you use restriction enzymes to determine which tube of DNA contains which fragment?
- 5. Design a 10-bp primer that could be used to amplify the following sequence of DNA: 5'-AGTCGATCCCTGATCGTACGCTACGGTAACGT-3'4. A linear piece of DNA has the following EcoRI restriction sites. EcoRI site 1 2 kb 4 kb EcoRI site 2 5 kb a. This piece of DNA is cut by EcoRI, the resulting fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis, and the gel is stained with ethidium bromide. Draw a picture of the bands that will appear on the gel.3. Using Chargaff's rule of base pairing determine the amount of guanine in 120 bp long fragment of double strand DNA if there are 45 adenines present.
