10. List 2 polysaccharides that are used for energy storage. What is interesting about the orientation/shape/bonding/architecture in these molecules?
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- 11. List 2 polysaccharides that provide structure and strength. What is interesting about the orientation/shape/bonding/architecture in these molecules?7. If a macromolecule such as maltose is separated into glucose and glucose monomers, molecule(s) must be added back to the molecules. This process is called 8. Name four food examples high in the following (not discussed in the lab): (4) monosaccharide, (4) disaccharide, (4) polysaccharide, (4) fat, and (4) protein. Protein Mono- Di- Poly- Lipid (fat)2b. Identify the subunits (monomers) that make up cellulose. * O Monosaccharides O Glycerol and Fatty Acid chain Amino Acids Nucleotides
- 3. Draw the structure of a protein containing 3 amino acids and then explain the process of hydrolysis. Explain the biological importance of proteins. O H O H || || H₂C-CH-C-OH -C-N H₂C-CH-C-OH NH₂ NH₂ HO CH₂ alanine cystine SH alanine 6 H 61) Which of the following statement(s) regarding the ends of polysaccharides are true? All polysaccharides have at least one reducing end. Some polysaccharides may have no reducing end. Some polysaccharides may have no non-reducing ends. All polysaccharides have a N-glycosidic bond at their reducing ends. none of the above 2) The transformation of a monosaccharide into its ______ occurs easily and does not require the assistance of a catalyst. epimer anomer sugar alcohol diastereomer zwitterionPlease discuss any two of the structures and functions of these 4 molecules. What do they have in common? How are they different? 1) Cellulose 2) Starch 3) Glycogen 4) Chitin
- 1. What is one structural difference between: Glucose and starch (Choose one answer for the above question from A-D multiple choice) A) Glucose is a chain of 20 amino acids or less, whereas starch is a chain of up to 100 amino acids. B) Glucose is a large, complex molecule whereas starch is a small, simple molecule. C) Glucose is a small, simple molecule whereas starch is a large, complex molecule. D)Glucose is composed of short chains of unsaturated hydrocarbons whereas starch is composed of long chains of saturated hydrocarbons. 2. What is one structural difference between: Peptides and protein (Choose one answer for the above question from A-D multiple choice) A) Peptides are steroids whereas protein is a triglyceride. B) Peptides are liquid at room temperature whereas protein is solid at room temperature. C) Peptides are typically composed of less than 20 amino acids linked together whereas protein is composed of hundreds of amino acids. D) Peptides are monosaccharides…1. An oligosaccharide is a repeating unit of a-D-galactopyranosyl- (a-1- 3)-allopyranoside. Each of the disaccharide unit is linked via B-1-->4 glycosidic bond. Identify and draw the molecular structure. Identify and draw the structure. The oligosaccharide has 10 monosaccharide residue a. Upon the action of alpha-glycosidase, identify and draw all the possible products. b. What is the L-isomer of the Fisher projection of one epimer of D-allopyronoside. Draw the structure. Why is this an epimer of the monosaccharide? c. Is this saccharide a good substrate for glycolysis? Why or why not?7. a) In terms of molecular bonds, why do starches supply more energy than simple sugars?
- 1. Make a series (at least 3) of drawings to show the three dehydration synthesis reactions that take place between the two Fatty Acids, the Phosphate Head and the Glycerol. Show the water molecules made. a) Label the following on the completed phospholipid: hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts of the molecule, fatty acids, phosphate group, and glycerol. b) Compare the structure of the phospholipid to that of a triglyceride. How are the two molecules Similar? How are they different? 2. Use the following vocabulary to label and draw a cell membrane: cytoplasm (cell lumen) extra-cellular fluid hydrophobic hydrophilic polar head non-polar tails a) How many O-H groups are there? And are the O-H areas of sucrose polar or non-polar? b) What is the term that is used to discuss how tightly or loosely an atom's nucleus has a hold of its valence electrons?x * x A () lipids: fatty acids and glycerol proteins: amino acids carbohydrates: disaccharides H HỎ D carbohydrates: monosaccharides E nucleic acids: nucleotides CH₂OH H OH H Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other elements to form other biomolecules. The picture above shows sucrose, a disaccharide used to form larger biomolecules. Biomolecules are all made of smaller units called monomers. Examine the list of biomolecules below. Select ALL of the choices that correctly pair the biomolecule with its monomer. QH H H OH Y CH₂OH 0 Q CH₂OH H HO OH H H 5 of 10 3211. Below are three different molecules that can be classified by their functional groups and chemical properties. Molecule A Molecule B CH₂OH CH3 X B H₂C CH3 OH CH H₂C OH OH C H₂ CH3 CH₂OH HO CH₂OH H₂N Molecule C H OH HH ОН a. Table sugar is a disaccharide comprised of the sugars glucose and fructose attached together. Which of the molecules above contains a glucose molecule? c. Identify and name three functional groups present in molecule C. b. Which of the molecules above is predicted to be nonpolar? Explain the chemistry behind why this molecule would not dissolve in water.