Q: Do common fungi such as bread mold produce antimicrobial compounds?
A: The fungi are cosmopolitan and are almost found everywhere. There are variety of fungi present…
Q: What are vectors ofparasites?
A: The most common vectors of the parasites are mosquito and ticks. mosquito transmit infection like…
Q: In what people would infection with H. capsulatum beespecially serious?
A: Histoplasma capsulatum is a species of dimorphic fungi that causes a lung infection known as…
Q: Why must the antitoxin be administered in the earliest phases of botulism?
A: BOTULISMBotulism is a disease condition caused by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum. It is an…
Q: Compared with all other foodborne or waterborne pathogens,what is unique about prions?
A: The proteins are made of amino acids. The amino acids are of 20 types that combine in a varied…
Q: What makes Bacillus particularly difficult to kill either by physical or chemical means?
A: Bacillus are aerobic bacteria that are road shaped; they are gram positive and with passing agent…
Q: Why does Balantidium coli have the greatest clinical impact?
A: Protozoa are heterotrophic, eukaryotic, unicellular, organisms. They have almost 65000 species of…
Q: How significant is cellulose tape perianal swab to the control of pinworm infection in the…
A: Pinworms are parasitic worms that are also known as threadworms or seatworms. It's a nematode and a…
Q: why is Trypanosoma harmful?
A: Trypanosoma belongs to phylum Euglenozoa and class kinetoplastea. Its genus is Trypanosoma. They are…
Q: How does Helicobacter pylori cause stomach ulcers?
A: Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori can be defined as a type of bacteria. These germs have the tendency to…
Q: What characteristics of Pseudomonas species allow them to spoil such a wide variety of foods?
A: Pseudomonas belongs to a group of gram-negative bacteria. They are a very common cause of infection…
Q: Why would a complex culture medium for Leuconostocmesenteroides be easier to prepare than a…
A: Culture medium: It is also known as a growth medium where specific microorganisms and plants will…
Q: What disease is stichodactyla toxin used to treat?
A: Stichodactyla toxin (ShK, ShkT) is a 35-residue fundamental peptide from the ocean anemone…
Q: What does antimycobacterial drug target? What does it target?
A: Anti-mycobacterial drug is the one which is used to treat Mycobacterial infections like Tuberculosis…
Q: What is Salmonella pathogenicity island?
A: Pathogenicity island is a distinct class of genomic island that is acquired by the microorganisms.…
Q: What medical conditions commonly predispose patients to mycoticinfection?
A: Fungi are the multicellular eukaryotic organisms. They are heterotrophs and contain chitin in their…
Q: What are the five different ways by which chemotherapeutic agents kill or damage bacterial pathogen?
A: Chemotherapeutic agents include certain types of drugs that are anti cancerous and usually…
Q: What do pathogenesis related proteins and phytoalexins have in common? How do they differ?
A: Pathogenesis related (PR) protein – These proteins are produced by plant in the event of pathogen…
Q: How is the microbe that makes penicillin different from the one that makes streptomycin?
A: An antibiotic is a kind of antimicrobial substance dynamic against microbes. It is the main kind of…
Q: Why is direct examination of patient samples particularly usefulwhen diagnosing a mycotic infection?
A: The process of performance of direct examination can be done by utilizing the combination of…
Q: What are some challenges that the normal flora in the human body might represent for candida…
A: * The normal flora influences the physiology, susceptibility to pathogens, and anatomy *The normal…
Q: Why are healthy individuals in hospitals not considered to be as much at risk for infections by…
A: Superbugs are the microorganisms which can be Bactria, viruses or fungi, which develop resistance…
Q: How is Shigella transmitted?
A: Since 1999, there have been numerous Shigella outbreaks in this population in the United States,…
Q: What are the essential environmental requirements for cultivatingCampylobacter?
A: Campylobacter is a genus that includes gram-negative bacteria. The shape of these bacteria is…
Q: Why do healthy adults usually not contract Clostridium difficileinfections?
A: Microorganisms are small organism that cannot be seen by naked eyes. Microorganism such as bacteria…
Q: How do Salmonella typhi microorganisms live intracellularly? How are they able to replicate in…
A: Salmonella typhi is a rod shaped, flagellated, Gram Negative bacteria which is responsible for the…
Q: why is microalgae spirulina is most commonly used to reduce air pollution?
A: Pollution is the presence of harmful substances in the environment. These harmful substances are…
Q: Explain in how did Candida intermedia contaminate raw milk?
A: Candida is a yeast genus that is responsible for the majority of fungal infections globally.…
Q: What is the vector ofChagas’ disease? How is thedisease transmitted?
A: The disease is a condition or illness or sickness of the living animal or plant body or of one of…
Q: What are the mainprophylactic measures againstmalaria?
A: Malaria is a tropical disease which is transmitted in humans by the infected anopheles’ mosquitoes.…
Q: what is the media of culturing salmonella typhi?
A: Salmonella typhi Salmonella typhi is a parasitic bacteria that infect blood and intestine of human…
Q: Why does Balantidium coli have the greatest clinical impact? What and how will you eradicate this…
A: Balantidium coli is parasitic species which causes diseases .It belongs to domain Eukaryota,phylum…
Q: Identify the food sources of Listeria monocytogenesinfections. How does Listeria evade the immune…
A: Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic bacteria that is capable of causing an infection known as…
Q: Please write the pathogen ,their morphology, ecology, mode of transmissions, diseases, and their…
A: Gram-negative bacteria belong to the Campylobacter family. Campylobacter is motile and has a comma…
Q: What causes a strain of C. diphtheriae to bepathogenic? Describe how such a strain may cause deathin…
A: Corynebacterium diphtheria is a causative agent of diphtheria.
Q: How might Campylobacter contamination of food productionanimals be controlled?
A: Campylobacter infection is caused by Campylobacter bacteria. It is the most common bacterial cause…
Q: What are the mainprophylactic measures againstschistosomiasis?
A: Schistosomiasis is a parasitic form of infection caused by commonly 3 species Schistosoma mansoni,…
Q: What precautions can be taken to prevent rickettsial infections?
A: Rickettsial diseases and related contaminations, (for example, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and Q…
Q: pidemiology and control of Vibrio, Campylobacter, and Helicobacter?
A: Once the bacterial cells enter the stomach, the acidic environment of the stomach kills most of the…
Q: What causes the symptoms of staphylococcal foodpoisoning? Why are cases of staph food poisoning…
A: Given: What causes the symptoms of staphylococcal food poisoning? Why are cases of staph food…
Q: Why is Plasmodium species isolated usually in blood?
A: Plasmodium species are blood parasites belong to phylum protista that causes malaria. Vector for…
Q: Which drugs are typically used to treat H. Pylori infection and how should they be used together to…
A: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a kind of bacteria that lead to disease in the stomach. It is the…
Q: Compare the vectors involved in sleeping sickness, Chagasdisease, and leishmaniasis.
A: The disease is a sickness or illness characterized by specific symptoms and signs. There are four…
Q: Why are some mycotic diseases of humans called opportunistic mycoses?
A: Fungi, which can be found in numerous forms in the environment, cause mycotic diseases. Many fungi…
Q: On what basis can prions be differentiated from all otherinfectious agents?
A: Infectious agents that can cause disease or infections after invading the host cells and tissues.…
Q: How does Clostridium Perfringens contribute to the virulence of the pathogens, and give one specific…
A: Food contaminated by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens causes food poisoning. It is responsible…
Why are there fewer clinically effective antifungal and
antiparasitic agents than antibacterial agents?
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Why does Helicobacter pylori cause ulceractions in the lining of the Stomach? 1)The microbes secrete a toxin that prevents the host from detecting invasion of the microbe and thus allows it to thrive in the stomach and damage the host cells. 2)After invasion of the microbe in the cells lining the stomach, they are no longer able to produce mucous to protect the host cells from acid erosion 3)The microbe produces an enzyme that causes the cell to produce potent digestive enzymes that erode the stomach lining. 4)Once the microbe has entered the stomach, it releases digestive enzymes that degrade the mucous secreting cells.Which one(s) is/are more harmful to the host and why? A) Antifungal agents B) antiprotozoal agents C) antibiotics A and BCompared with all other foodborne or waterborne pathogens,what is unique about prions?
- Do common fungi such as bread mold produce antimicrobial compounds?On what basis can prions be differentiated from all otherinfectious agents?Which one of the following categories for antibacterial agents is most likely to have toxic side effects for humans? a) disruptors of cell membrane structure b) inhibitors of cell wall synthesis Oc) inhibitors of protein synthesis d) antimetabolites RESET e) inhibitors of DNA synthesis Cancel Done
- 14) When considering virulence factors, which class of virulence factor would be most likely to increase the severity of disease caused by the pathogen possessing the virulence factor, due to this class of virulence factor most likely causing the death of cells? A) extracellular enzymes C) anti-phagocytic factors B) toxins D) adherence factors 15) Which of the following classes of virulence factor is absolutely needed for nearly every infection? In fact, if the organism lacks this factor, it is most likely going to be avirulent (not disease-causing). A) extracellular enzyme B) adherence factor D) anti-phagocytic factor C) exotoxin 16) Which of the following is an iron-binding protein produced by pathogens to access the body's store of iron? A) ferritin B) siderophores C) hemolysin D) transferrin 17) The complement cascade and its by-products contribute to A) attracting phagocytes to sites of infection. B) triggering release of interferons. C) triggering inflammation. D) triggering…There are fewer antifungal, anti protozoal, and antihelminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs because these organism: a) do not cause many human infectious b) are not affected by antimicrobial drugs c) are so similar to human cells that drug selective toxicity is difficult d) are parasites found inside human cells e) have fewer target sites compared to bacteriaAbimbola's great grandfather was a member of the Fore tribe of Papua New Guinea that practiced cannibalism. He would often burst into laughter and have the shakes. He had Kuru. c) Describe the aetiologic agent of Kuru d) Discuss management and prevention of Kuru.
- How does the associated microorganism benefit from its plant host?24) An opportunistic infection is a concern with which of the following medications? A) Antifungals B) Antiprotozoals C) Antibiotics D) All of the aboveWhich antimicrobial drug does not inhibit cell wall synthesis? a) gentamicin b) vancomycin c) cephalosporins d) penicillins