The case study: Light-As-Air Ballooning System (LAABS)
Light-As-Air Ballooning (LAA) is an organisation which operates hot air ballooning on the
Malaysian peninsula across from Singapore (the Singapore air-space is too busy and tightly
controlled to allow free-flying ballooning there). The company has a mixed fleet of
balloons and baskets and a team of pilots to cater for both small and large groups.
The five (5) smaller baskets have the capacity to carry up to 10 passengers each; six (6)
larger balloons and baskets can carry up to 20 passengers each. This is a relatively new
venture for this part of Asia, and the owner of this company, TEO Hong, is keen to see LAA
grow and expand.
Flights take place just before sunrise, and can be booked by individuals or groups, or can
be chartered (such as for wedding ceremonies and other special occasions). The larger
baskets are ideal for corporate and social group bookings.
As the business expands, Light-As-Air needs a new information system; as the current one
was based on Mr TEO doing all the bookings himself. The new Light-As-Air Ballooning
System (LAABS) must manage the booking system for the balloons, and maintain all
information about clients and flight sessions. It must also manage the information about
balloon and basket maintenance, and keep track of pilot and other staff certification.
Customers book online or at the LAA Singapore city office. As the flight sessions are heavily
subscribed, customers are sent reminder texts about their flight the week before and the
day before. Cancellation without incurring a charge is only possible up to 4 weeks before the
flight (after that the full price is payable). The LAABS is not required to handle any payment
information as this is done by a third party system. Customers are informed the night before
the booking date if the flight is cancelled due to weather.
The flights are only booked out in lots of ten (10) (small balloons) or twenty (20) (large
balloons), and each flight session must be accompanied by a senior pilot and a staff member
who act as co-pilot. These staff members must have first aid training, a Commercial Balloon
Pilots Licence, and have passed a medical within the last 3 months. The LAABS must ensure
that the staff have current first aid certificates and pilot certificates, as well as regular
medical check-ups. This will require alerts to the relevant staff members at the appropriate
times.
Customers must also meet various conditions: the office will need to know the weights of
the passengers in each party and if anyone has had recent injury or surgery, or is
pregnant. This is confirmed when they book, along with name, address, and contact
phone number, and the date of the flight required. Details of all customers in a party are
required, and all customers must sign a statutory declaration that the information they
provide is true. Insurance and OHS requirements mandate permanent storage of these
declarations.
Each flight session is booked out for two (2) hours, of which between 45 and 60 minutes
is actual flying time, with 30 minutes preparation (check-in, safety briefing and boarding
and balloon inflating) and 30 minutes disembarkation time (this includes bus transport
back to the launch site). Customers are expected to make their own way to/from the
launch site.
2
Customers may book two (2) different types of experience:
• Flight– this includes flight, loan of warm jacket for the duration of the flight,
Certificate of Participation and transport back to the launch site only
• Deluxe experience – as well as ‘Flight’ inclusions, this adds a post-flight
breakfast, champagne and photo opportunities with the (inflated) balloon
and pilot.
Safety and comfort of customers and staff is obviously paramount for LAA. Before each
flight an inspection is made of the basket and balloon (including physical damage,
integrity of equipment, balloon control systems, cleanliness, etc). There is also a
thorough technical check of the equipment after each flight session. These checks are
noted by the system.
There is a full mechanical check of all equipment by a service engineer at the beginning
and end of every working day, and in addition each balloon inflating and control system
must be fully serviced by the manufacturer at least every three months or every 50 hours
of use, whichever is sooner. The mechanism is removed from the balloon structure and
sent to the manufacturer for examination and possible repair/replacement. This takes 4
days, so to keep the business operating TEO Hong tries to stagger the downtime so there
are always at least two balloons of each size in service.
The hours of balloon use are logged by the LAABS, by adding the number of session
minutes to the usage log at the end of each session. When a balloon reaches 50 hours of
use it is flagged as ‘in maintenance’. On reassembly the number of usage hours is reset.
LAABS also records the dates, times, and details about each service.
Transcribed Image Text:While the control equipment is being serviced at the manufacturers, the basket and guy-ropes are refurbished and jackets inspected for wear and cleaned. Several reports will be required of the new system. The LAABS must be able to provide an ad-hoc status report on each balloon and basket (different baskets can be attached to various balloons as long as maximum capacity is adhered to), showing whether it is in use or being serviced, its current hours of use and date of next scheduled service. It also needs to provide all the information about mechanical checks and services in a report that TEO Hong sends to the manufacturers annually as part of the maintenance agreement. Finally, TEO Hong would like a report showing the customer usage so that he can see what are the most popular times of year and types of flights and plan for expansion. 3 TO DO: Note the following points: You may need to make assumptions where information is incomplete: state any assumptions clearly. You can also ask questions on the forum. Your diagrams should be drawn using Visio (or suitable alternative that creates UML diagrams). Use the appropriate template for each diagram type. Make sure your diagrams are clear and readable. Your diagrams must follow correct UML notation and naming conventions, and each diagram should include a title and legend. Your models, diagrams and discussions should be consistent with one another throughout your analysis and design. Ensure your work is clearly and professionally presented, proofread for spelling and grammar, with a title page and table of contents. Start each main question on a new page.
Transcribed Image Text:List the main stakeholders for the new Light-As-Air Ballooning System (LAABS). For each stakeholder, write a brief description of their interest in the system and what aspects of it are of particular relevance to them. You do not need to categorise the stakeholders. Don't include the systems development team. Q1. Q2. (a) List and briefly describe the main functional requirements for the LAABS. There should be around 5-10. (b) List and briefly describe the main nonfunctional requirements for the LAABS. Q3. (a) Use the User Goal technique to develop a list of use cases for the LAABS. Present your list in a table that includes the participating actors, use case name and a brief use case description. (b) Use the Event Decomposition technique to identify any additional use cases for the LAABS. These will probably be temporal and state event types. Present your list in a table that includes the event, type of event, trigger, use case name, and brief use case description. You do not need to repeat the use cases you identified in (a) here. (Note that some use cases are already identified in Q6, 7, 10 below. Include these in your lists.) Create a domain model class diagram for the LAABS, including all classes, attributes, associations, and multiplicity. Show association classes and generalisation hierarchies where appropriate. Q4. Q5. Create a CRUD matrix to check the consistency between your domain model class diagram and your complete list of use cases. Set this out in the form of a table with classes as the columns and use cases as the rows. If you find discrepancies between the models while you are doing this, you should go back and correct your earlier models as required so that your final set of models is consistent. Create a fully-developed use case description for the use case Book a Flight. Follow the template provided at the end of this handout. Q6. Draw an activity diagram to represent the flow of activities for the use case Inspect Balloon shown at the end of this handout. Q7. Draw a system sequence diagram for the use case Inspect Balloon shown at the end of this handout that corresponds to your activity diagram in Q7. Q8. Q9. Draw a state machine diagram to show the possible states and transitions for a Balloon object. Label each state with the state name. Label each transition with the appropriate transition name, guard condition (if appropriate) and action expression (if appropriate). Q10. Develop a user acceptance test plan for a customer of the LAAB system. Base it on the relevant use cases you have identified. You can follow the example in the textbook (below). Present your test plan in a table including the fields: use case name, test conditions, expected outcomes. You do not need to include test data.

Question

The case study: Light-As-Air Ballooning System (LAABS)
Light-As-Air Ballooning (LAA) is an organisation which operates hot air ballooning on the
Malaysian peninsula across from Singapore (the Singapore air-space is too busy and tightly
controlled to allow free-flying ballooning there). The company has a mixed fleet of
balloons and baskets and a team of pilots to cater for both small and large groups.
The five (5) smaller baskets have the capacity to carry up to 10 passengers each; six (6)
larger balloons and baskets can carry up to 20 passengers each. This is a relatively new
venture for this part of Asia, and the owner of this company, TEO Hong, is keen to see LAA
grow and expand.
Flights take place just before sunrise, and can be booked by individuals or groups, or can
be chartered (such as for wedding ceremonies and other special occasions). The larger
baskets are ideal for corporate and social group bookings.
As the business expands, Light-As-Air needs a new information system; as the current one
was based on Mr TEO doing all the bookings himself. The new Light-As-Air Ballooning
System (LAABS) must manage the booking system for the balloons, and maintain all
information about clients and flight sessions. It must also manage the information about
balloon and basket maintenance, and keep track of pilot and other staff certification.
Customers book online or at the LAA Singapore city office. As the flight sessions are heavily
subscribed, customers are sent reminder texts about their flight the week before and the
day before. Cancellation without incurring a charge is only possible up to 4 weeks before the
flight (after that the full price is payable). The LAABS is not required to handle any payment
information as this is done by a third party system. Customers are informed the night before
the booking date if the flight is cancelled due to weather.
The flights are only booked out in lots of ten (10) (small balloons) or twenty (20) (large
balloons), and each flight session must be accompanied by a senior pilot and a staff member
who act as co-pilot. These staff members must have first aid training, a Commercial Balloon
Pilots Licence, and have passed a medical within the last 3 months. The LAABS must ensure
that the staff have current first aid certificates and pilot certificates, as well as regular
medical check-ups. This will require alerts to the relevant staff members at the appropriate
times.
Customers must also meet various conditions: the office will need to know the weights of
the passengers in each party and if anyone has had recent injury or surgery, or is
pregnant. This is confirmed when they book, along with name, address, and contact
phone number, and the date of the flight required. Details of all customers in a party are
required, and all customers must sign a statutory declaration that the information they
provide is true. Insurance and OHS requirements mandate permanent storage of these
declarations.
Each flight session is booked out for two (2) hours, of which between 45 and 60 minutes
is actual flying time, with 30 minutes preparation (check-in, safety briefing and boarding
and balloon inflating) and 30 minutes disembarkation time (this includes bus transport
back to the launch site). Customers are expected to make their own way to/from the
launch site.
2
Customers may book two (2) different types of experience:
• Flight– this includes flight, loan of warm jacket for the duration of the flight,
Certificate of Participation and transport back to the launch site only
• Deluxe experience – as well as ‘Flight’ inclusions, this adds a post-flight
breakfast, champagne and photo opportunities with the (inflated) balloon
and pilot.
Safety and comfort of customers and staff is obviously paramount for LAA. Before each
flight an inspection is made of the basket and balloon (including physical damage,
integrity of equipment, balloon control systems, cleanliness, etc). There is also a
thorough technical check of the equipment after each flight session. These checks are
noted by the system.
There is a full mechanical check of all equipment by a service engineer at the beginning
and end of every working day, and in addition each balloon inflating and control system
must be fully serviced by the manufacturer at least every three months or every 50 hours
of use, whichever is sooner. The mechanism is removed from the balloon structure and
sent to the manufacturer for examination and possible repair/replacement. This takes 4
days, so to keep the business operating TEO Hong tries to stagger the downtime so there
are always at least two balloons of each size in service.
The hours of balloon use are logged by the LAABS, by adding the number of session
minutes to the usage log at the end of each session. When a balloon reaches 50 hours of
use it is flagged as ‘in maintenance’. On reassembly the number of usage hours is reset.
LAABS also records the dates, times, and details about each service.

While the control equipment is being serviced at the manufacturers, the basket
and guy-ropes are refurbished and jackets inspected for wear and cleaned.
Several reports will be required of the new system. The LAABS must be able to provide an
ad-hoc status report on each balloon and basket (different baskets can be attached to
various balloons as long as maximum capacity is adhered to), showing whether it is in use or
being serviced, its current hours of use and date of next scheduled service. It also needs to
provide all the information about mechanical checks and services in a report that TEO Hong
sends to the manufacturers annually as part of the maintenance agreement. Finally, TEO
Hong would like a report showing the customer usage so that he can see what are the most
popular times of year and types of flights and plan for expansion.
3
TO DO:
Note the following points:
You may need to make assumptions where information is incomplete:
state any assumptions clearly. You can also ask questions on the forum.
Your diagrams should be drawn using Visio (or suitable alternative that creates
UML diagrams). Use the appropriate template for each diagram type. Make
sure your diagrams are clear and readable.
Your diagrams must follow correct UML notation and naming conventions,
and each diagram should include a title and legend.
Your models, diagrams and discussions should be consistent with
one another throughout your analysis and design.
Ensure your work is clearly and professionally presented, proofread for
spelling and grammar, with a title page and table of contents. Start
each main question on a new page.

List the main stakeholders for the new Light-As-Air Ballooning System (LAABS).
For each stakeholder, write a brief description of their interest in the system and
what aspects of it are of particular relevance to them.
You do not need to categorise the stakeholders. Don't include the systems
development team.
Q1.
Q2.
(a) List and briefly describe the main functional requirements for the LAABS.
There should be around 5-10.
(b) List and briefly describe the main nonfunctional requirements for the
LAABS.
Q3.
(a)
Use the User Goal technique to develop a list of use cases for the LAABS.
Present your list in a table that includes the participating actors, use
case name and a brief use case description.
(b) Use the Event Decomposition technique to identify any additional use
cases for the LAABS. These will probably be temporal and state event
types. Present your list in a table that includes the event, type of event,
trigger, use case name, and brief use case description. You do not need to
repeat the use cases you identified in (a) here.
(Note that some use cases are already identified in Q6, 7, 10 below. Include these
in your lists.)
Create a domain model class diagram for the LAABS, including all classes,
attributes, associations, and multiplicity. Show association classes and
generalisation hierarchies where appropriate.
Q4.
Q5.
Create a CRUD matrix to check the consistency between your domain model class
diagram and your complete list of use cases. Set this out in the form of a table with
classes as the columns and use cases as the rows. If you find discrepancies between
the models while you are doing this, you should go back and correct your
earlier models as required so that your final set of models is consistent.
Create a fully-developed use case description for the use case Book a Flight.
Follow the template provided at the end of this handout.
Q6.
Draw an activity diagram to represent the flow of activities for the use case
Inspect Balloon shown at the end of this handout.
Q7.
Draw a system sequence diagram for the use case Inspect Balloon shown at
the end of this handout that corresponds to your activity diagram in Q7.
Q8.
Q9.
Draw a state machine diagram to show the possible states and transitions for a
Balloon object. Label each state with the state name. Label each transition with the
appropriate transition name, guard condition (if appropriate) and action expression
(if appropriate).
Q10. Develop a user acceptance test plan for a customer of the LAAB system. Base it
on the relevant use cases you have identified. You can follow the example in the
textbook (below). Present your test plan in a table including the fields: use case
name, test conditions, expected outcomes. You do not need to include test data.

Accepted Answer

As per Bartleby guidelines, we are only allowed to do the first 3 parts of one question at a time.…