Transistors Fill in the blanks with the words below: amplify, bipolar transistor, current, device, embedded, field, field-effect transistor, fundamental, implemented, milestones, standardized, terminals, ubiquitous, vacuum tube, voltage A transistor is a semiconductor 1……….. used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three 2 …………. for connection to an external circuit. A 3. ………… or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals controls the current through another pair of terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power, a transistor can 4 …………… a signal. Today, some transistors are packaged individually, but many more are found 5 …………. in integrated circuits. The transistor is the 6 …………. building block of modern electronic devices, and is 7. …………in modern electronic systems. Julius Edgar Lilienfeld patented a 8 …………….. in 1926 but it was not possible to actually construct a working device at that time. The first practically 9 ………… device was a point-contact transistor invented in 1947 by American physicists John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley. The transistor revolutionized the 10 ……….. of electronics, and paved the way for smaller and cheaper radios, calculators, and computers, among other things. The transistor is on the list of IEEE 11 ………………. in electronics, and Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for their achievement. There are two types of transistors, which have slight differences in how they are used in a
Transistors
Fill in the blanks with the words below:
amplify, bipolar transistor, current, device, embedded, field, field-effect transistor, fundamental,
implemented, milestones, standardized, terminals, ubiquitous, vacuum tube, voltage
A transistor is a semiconductor 1……….. used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is
composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three 2 …………. for connection to an external circuit. A
3. ………… or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals controls the current through another pair of
terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power, a transistor can
4 …………… a signal. Today, some transistors are packaged individually, but many more are found 5 …………. in
integrated circuits.
The transistor is the 6 …………. building block of modern electronic devices, and is 7. …………in modern electronic
systems. Julius Edgar Lilienfeld patented a 8 …………….. in 1926 but it was not possible to actually construct a
working device at that time. The first practically 9 ………… device was a point-contact transistor invented in 1947 by
American physicists John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley. The transistor revolutionized the 10
……….. of electronics, and paved the way for smaller and cheaper radios, calculators, and computers, among other
things. The transistor is on the list of IEEE 11 ………………. in electronics, and Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley
shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for their achievement.
There are two types of transistors, which have slight differences in how they are used in a circuit. A 12 …………
……………. has terminals labeled base, collector, and emitter. A small current at the base terminal (that is, flowing
between the base and the emitter) can control or switch a much larger 13. ………….between the collector and emitter
terminals. For a field-effect transistor, the terminals are labeled gate, source, and drain, and a voltage at the gate
can control a current between source and drain.
Most transistors are made from very pure silicon or germanium, but certain other semiconductor materials can also be
used. A transistor may have only one kind of charge carrier, in a field effect transistor, or may have two kinds of
charge carriers in bipolar junction transistor devices. Compared with the 14 ………. , transistors are generally
smaller, and require less power to operate. Certain vacuum tubes have advantages over transistors at very high
operating frequencies or high operating voltages. Many types of transistors are made to 15 …………. specifications
by multiple manufacturers.
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