Suppose two gas stations operate at the same busy intersection. Assuming that these firms are engaged in tacit price collusion, can we automatically conclude that there is no competition for customers between the two stations?
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- Suppose two gas stations operate at the same busy intersection. You notice that the posted prices are almost always the same. Assuming that these firms are engaged in tacit price collusion, can we automatically conclude that there is no competition for customers between the two stations?PC Connection and CDW are two online retailers that compete in an Internet market for digital cameras. While the products they sell are similar, the firms attempt to differentiate themselves through their service policies. Over the last couple of months, PC Connection has matched CDW's price cuts, but has not matched its price increases. Suppose that when PC Connection matches CDW's price changes, the inverse demand curve for CDW's cameras is given by P= 2,000 - 3Q. When it does not match price changes, CDW's inverse demand curve is P=1,850 -0.5Q. Based on this information, determine CDW's inverse demand function over the last couple of months. P= 2000|- 6 Qif Qs 60 1Qif Qz 60 1850 Over what range will changes in marginal cost have no effect on CDW's profit-maximizing level of output? 200 to $ 1820 %24Two firms sells an identical product. The demand function for each firm is given: Q = 20 - P, where Q = q1 + q2 is the market demand and P is the price. The cost function for reach firm is given: TCi = 10 + 2qi for i = 1, 2. a) If these two firms collude and they want to maximize their combined profit, how much are the market equilibrium quantity and price? b) If these two firms decide their production simultaneously, how much does each firm produce? What is the market equilibrium price? c) If Firm 1 is a leader who decides the production level first and Firm 2 is a follower, how much does each firm produce? What is the market equilibrium price?
- The inverse market demand for fax paper is given by P=100-Q. There are two firms who produce fax paper. Firm 1 has a cost of production of C1= 15*Q1 and firm 2 has a cost of production of C2=20*Q2 a) Suppose firm 1 and firm 2 compute simultaneously in quantities. What are the Cournot quantities and prices?What are the profits of firm 1 and 2?b) Suppose firm 1 and firm 2 compete simultaneously in prices. What are the Bertrand quantities and prices?What are the profits of firm 1 and 2?Two firms - firm 1 and firm 2 - share a market for a specific product. Both have zero marginal cost. They compete in the manner of Bertrand and the market demand for the product is given by: q = 20 − min{p1, p2}. 1. What are the equilibrium prices and profits? 2. Suppose the two firms have signed a collusion contract, that is, they agree to set the same price and share the market equally. What is the price they would set and what would be their profits? For the following parts, suppose the Bertrand game is played for infinitely many times with discount factor for both firms δ ∈ [0, 1). 3. Let both players adopt the following strategy: start with collusion; maintain the collusive price as long as no one has ever deviated before; otherwise set the Bertrand price. What is the minimum value of δ for which this is a SPNE. 4. Suppose the policy maker has imposed a price floor p = 4, that is, neither firm is allowed to set a price below $4. How does your answer to part 3 change? Is it now…PC Connection and CDW are two online retailers that compete in an Internet market for digital cameras. While the products they sell are similar, the firms attempt to differentiate themselves through their service policies. Over the last couple of months, PC Connection has matched CDW’s price cuts but has not matched its price increases. Suppose that when PC Connection matches CDW’s price changes, the inverse demand curve for CDW’s cameras is given by P = 1,500 − 3Q. When it does not match price changes, CDW’s inverse demand curve is P = 900 − 0.50Q. Based on this information, determine CDW’s inverse demand and marginal revenue functions over the last couple of months. Over what range will changes in marginal cost have no effect on CDW’s profit-maximizing level of output?
- Two firms compete by choosing price. Their demand functions are Q, = 200 - P, +P2 and Q2 = 200 + P, - P2, where P, and P, are the prices charged by each firm, respectively, and Q, and Q, are the resulting demands. Note that the demand for each good depends only on the difference in prices; if the two firms colluded and set the same price, they could make that price as high as they wanted, and earn infinite profits. Marginal costs are zero. Suppose the two firms set their prices at the same time. Find the resulting Nash equilibrium. What price will each firm charge, how much will it sell, and what will its profit be? (Hint: Maximize the profit of each firm with respect to its price.) Each firm will charge a price of $ . (Enter a numeric response rounded to two decimal places.)Suppose there are just two firms, 1 and 2, in the oil market and the inverse demand for oil is given by P = 60 – Q. The marginal cost for each firm is €24. What price should Firm 1 charge at the Cournot equilibrium?Gary's Gas and Frank's Fuel are the only two providers of gasoline in their town. Below is the demand schedule for the market of gasoline. Assume that the cost of producing gasoline is 3 per gallon (AC=3, FC-D0). Suppose that the two producers collude (split production and profits evenly), what are the joint profits of these two firms? Q demanded (in gallons) 10 12 4 Market price (in dollar) $22 $20 $18 $16 $14 $12 $10 $8 $6 $0 O $27 O None of these options is correct. $55 O $72 O $36 50 00 3)
- Suppose the inverse demand for a particular good is given by P = 1200-12Q. Furthermore, there are only two firms, A and B. Firm A's marginal cost is a constant $25, and Firm B's marginal cost is a constant $20. Assume these two firms engage in Cournot competition. If we assume that the firm with the lowest costs could supply the entire market, then the deadweight loss due to the market power these two firms exert through Cournot competition equals $. 4 [Round your answer to the nearest two decimals.]Consider a market with two horizontally differentiated firms, X and Y. Each has a constant marginal cost of $20. Demand functions are: Qx =100−2Px +1Py Qy =100−2Py +1Px Calculate the Bertrand equilibrium in prices in this market. How will the equilibrium change if cross-price elasticities of demand increase by 20%? How would you alter the equations to show such an increase? Compute the new equilibriumConsider the pharmaceutical company Mylan that produces epinephrine injection devices called EpiPens. In the presence of other firms producing substitutes for this good, the price of EpiPens is $150. Now suppose that competitors to Mylan no longer produce epinephrine injection devices, so Mylan now has pricing power in this market. As the economist on staff at Mylan, you are charged with the task of figuring out what your company's new pricing strategy should be. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), which is assumed to be constant, and the average total cost (ATC) of Mylan. The graph also shows the demand curve (D) for EpiPens and the marginal revenue curve (MR) once the firm has market power. On the graph, use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the quantity of EpiPens demanded if Mylan continues to charge $150. Dashed drop lines will automatically extend to both axes. 1000 900 9, at $150 800 700 600 Profit Max 500 400 ATC at Profit Max 300 200 ATC Profit 100 MC- MR…
