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- Briefly explain why alcoholic solutions (alcoholic NH2OHꞏHCl, alcoholic KOH, alcoholic HCl) are used in the hydroxamic acid test for esters, what happens if we use other solutions?4. Compare the polarity and water solubility of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. Tabulate your answer.5. The goal is to convince an investor to invest in your company so that you can build a factory to make ester compounds. For example, you could make hexyl pentanoate, and sell it for use in perfumes and make the investor money. You must come up with a compound that you can make and sell. You can use your textbooks and the internet as resources. At the end of your research, you must have the compound table filled out.
- 2. What would happen if an aqueous solution of a strong acid, like hydrochloric acid, was added to the aqueous layer that contained the sodium benzoate? Write the chemical equation. Would the products be soluble in water? Why?2. You use an ice bath when adding sulfuric acid to methyl benzoate. Why?Potassium permanganate and potassium dichromate are very similar in their oxidizing abilities, however there are differences. If I want to convert 4-hexen-1-ol into 4-hexenoic acid, which would be the appropriate oxidizing agent to use? Explain your answer using equations that show the two different products that would form via the two different oxidizing agents.
- What function does sulfuric acid have in the reaction with 1-butanol to form 1-bromobutane?2. Carboxylic Acids a. Explain are carboxylic acids and esters in your own words. What is the difference and relationship between these two compounds. b. Write the chemical equation for the formation of ethyl butanate c. Define what an esterification reaction is. Write a reaction which explains the process universally for this type of reaction. d. Where can we find a malonic acid? and. What was the purpose of phosphoric acid in the laboratory (theoretically speaking)? F. During the hydrolysis of esters, what was the purpose of adding 1 mL of 10% sodium hydroxide to the test tube, and then adding 2 mL of HCI? (Here you have to explain it using reactions, explain). ibility: Good to go OWhat is the functional group of propanoic acid? How do we know if it's soluble in water or insluble in water using the flowchart that is attached. which test should be performed using the flowchart. Is propanoic acid a ketone, aldehyde, ester or alcohol and how did you know?what would be the most efficient series of solubility and functional group tests that would identify the functional group? Also what could be the sources of error in this experiment? What could occur that would give false positives, false negatives, or incorrect interpretations?
- True or False: Write True if the statement is correct and False if otherwise.i. Esters are formed by the reaction of a salt with an acid.ii. In such reactions, the —OR group from the alcohol replaces the —OH group in the carboxylic acid.iii. Esters are polar compounds, but they cannot form hydrogen bonds to each other.iv. Their boiling points are lower than those of alcohols and acids of similar molecular massv. Esters cannot be converted back to carboxylic acids and alcohols under either acidic or basicconditions.vi. Thioesters are sulfur-containing analogs of esters in which a —SR group has replaced the —COOHgroup.vii. Polyesters are polymers in which the monomers (diacids and dialcohols) are joined through esterlinkages.viii. An ester is named as an alkyl carboxylate.This is a reduction reaction. Two hydrogens and two electrons are used to reduce the ketone to an alcohol. Draw out the structures of NaBD4 and EtOH. What is their role in this reaction? Draw the product of the reaction. What advantage is there to using these reducing agents instead of hydrogenation reagents (H2, metal catalyst)?Draw an ester with the formula C3H6O2 AND Draw the structures for a specific aldehyde and a specific ketone that have the formula C3H6O