Q5.9. Scientists are concerned that many regions of the Arctic will become important sources of CO₂ as the climate warms. Which of the following changes is expected to release CO₂ into the atmosphere? The rapid decomposition of organic matter when permafrost thaws • A reduction in wildfires occurring in peatlands as precipitation increases An increase in tree growth as warmer temperatures allow forests to expand north • A decrease in peat bog primary production as coastal peat bogs are flooded by rising seas
Nutrient Cycle
The chemical nutrients that are essential for the synthesis of living matter are taken from the physical environment. After the death and decomposition of living organisms, they are returned to the environment to be used over and again. This cyclic back and forth regenerative movement of chemical elements between organisms and their physical environment is known as the biogeochemical cycle or nutrient cycle. Since these elements serve as the essential chemical nutrients of organisms, their cyclic movements are also called nutrient cycling or mineral cycling. Minerals are not uniformly distributed all over the ecosystems but are more concentrated in specific compartments, called pools. The major biogeochemical cycles include the water cycle, nitrogen cycle, carbon cycle, phosphorus cycle, calcium cycle, sulfur cycle, etc.
Biosphere
The geologist Eduard Sues coined the term biosphere. The biosphere is characterized as a part of the earth, which includes ground and air. Moreover, the organisms on earth live in the biosphere. The biosphere is a confined area on the earth's surface where water, soil, and air combine to promote life. Several different types of life exist here.
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