Psychological egoism holds that a person always acts in their own self-interest, even when it appears as though they are not
INSTRUCTION: Choose True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is wrong. (no need explanation)
1. Psychological egoism holds that a person always acts in their own self-interest, even when it appears as though they are not.
2. From the point of view of utilitarianism, “what is useful is good.”
3. Felicific Calculus is a method formulated by the utilitarian philosopher John Stuart Mill for determining the rightness of an action by balancing the probable pleasures and pains that it would produce.
4. Act Utilitarianism claims that the most efficient means of creating a greater good for humanity is to have a moral code with rules of conduct clearly understood.
5. A rule utilitarian could argue that there are moral standards against lying, cheating, stealing, or breaking the law, thus people should never do these things, whereas an act utilitarian might argue that while these actions are generally wrong, they can be done when it leads to higher utility.
6. “Lower pleasures” mean intellectual pleasures, which includes, artistic, political, and spiritual pleasures.
7. “Higher pleasures” refers to sensual, bodily, and physical pleasures.
8. Deontology is an ethical theory that argues that the right course of action is one that optimizes overall happiness.
9. Both utilitarianism and deontology are consequentialist in the sense that they incorporate consequences into moral judgment.
10. Egoism frequently urges people to prioritize others over themselves as long as there is greater overall happiness in the world.
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