None one of the following processes produces anincrease in the entropy of the system, but is notspontaneous under standard conditions?Aboiling water to form steam form to formB.dissolution of solid KCI in waterC. mixing of twogases into one container 9 + 9 - 9D. freezingwater to form iceE. melting ice to form water

The process that produces an increase in the entropy of the system but is not spontaneous under…

Answered: one of the following processes produces…

Chemistry for Engineering Students

4th Edition

ISBN:9781337398909

Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Chapter10: Entropy And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10.11PAE: Identify each of the processes listed as spontaneous or non-spontaneous. For each non spontaneous...

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Similar questions

Many plastic materials are organic polymers that contain carbon and hydrogen. The oxidation of these plastics in air to farm carbon dioxide and water is a spontaneous process; however, plastic materials tend to persist in the environment. Explain.
A key component in many chemical engineering designs is the separation of mixtures of chemicals. (a) What happens to the entropy of the system when a chemical mixture is separated? (b) Are designs for chemical separation more likely to rely on spontaneous or nonspontaneous processes?
In a spontaneous process, S(universe) is (a) 0 (b) = 0 (c) 0
A friend tells you, Free energy G and pressure P are related by the equation G = G + RT ln(P). Also, G is related to the equilibrium constant K in that when Gproducts = Greactantsthe system is at equilibrium. Therefore, it must be true that a system is at equilibrium when all the pressures are equal. Do you agree with this friend? Explain.
10.69 If a sample of air were separated into nitrogen and oxygen molecules (ignoring other gases present), what would be the sign of for this process? Explain your answer. The next four questions relate to the following paragraph [Frank L. Lambert, Journal of Chemical Education, 76(10), 1999, 1385]. "The movement of macro objects from one location to another by an external agent involves no change in the objects' physical (thermodynamic) entropy. The agent of movement undergoes a thermodynamic entropy increase in the process."
Entropy has been described as times arrow. Interpret this view of entropy.
For each process, tell whether the entropy change of the system is positive or negative, (a) A glassblower heats glass (the system) to its softening temperature, (b) A teaspoon of sugar dissolves in a cup of coffee. (The system consists of both sugar and coffee.) (c) Calcium carbonate precipitates out of water in a cave to form stalactites and stalagmites. (Consider only the calcium carbonate to be the system.)
In the thermodynamic definition of a spontaneous process, why is it important that the phrase “continuous intervention” be used rather than just “intervention?”
What types of experiments can be carried out to determine whether a reaction is spontaneous? Does spontaneity have any relationship to the final equilibrium position of a reaction? Explain.
Identify each of the processes listed as spontaneous or non-spontaneous. For each non spontaneous process, describe the corresponding spontaneous process in the opposite direction. (a) Oxygen molecules dissociate to form oxygen atoms. (b) A tray of water is placed in the sun on a warm day and freezes. (c) A solution of salt water forms a layer of acid on top of a layer of base. (d) Silver nitrate is added to a solution of sodium chloride and a precipitate forms. (e) Sulfuric acid sitting in a beaker turns into water by giving off gaseous SO3.
10.104 (a) When a chemical bond forms, what happens to the entropy of the system? (b) Thermodynamically, what allows any bond formation to occur? (c) What do your answers to parts (a) and (b) suggest must be true about the formation of chemical bonds for the octet rule to hold?
The free energy change, G, for a process at constant temperature and pressure is related to Suniv and reflects the spontaneity of the process. How is G related to Suniv? When is a process spontaneous? Nonspontaneous? At equilibrium? G is a composite term composed of H, T, and S. What is the G equation? Give the four possible sign combinations for H and S. What temperatures are required for each sign combination to yield a spontaneous process? If G is positive, what does it say about the reverse process? How does the G = H TS equation reduce when at the melting-point temperature of a solid-to-liquid phase change or at the boiling-point temperature of a liquid-to-gas phase change? What is the sign of G for the solid-to-liquid phase change at temperatures above the freezing point? What is the sign of G for the liquid-to-gas phase change at temperatures below the boiling point?

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