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- A 6-year old Caucasian girl from northern Europe, with a family history of melanoma, has recently relocated with her family to a small town near Brisbane, Australia. Discuss the environmental, lifestyle and genetic factors that could determine the girl’s susceptibility to cancer. Include in your answer how these factors can produce chromosomal or genetic alterations and the genetic steps that would result in metastatic melanoma, focusing on the classes of cancer genes involved in these processesA 45-year-old woman has just tested positive for BRCA1. She has a family history of breast cancer and lost her mother at the age of 50 from breast cancer. She has been receiving yearly mammograms, but now with this discovery of the BRCA1, she is even more concerned about her risk factors for developing breast cancer. What should the nurse discuss with her regarding risk factors?Match the letter of the drug/treatment with the appropriate answer Cell cycle inhibitor directed against breast cancer / Choose. T-vec Gene therapy product approved in China to replace p53 Provenge IBRANCE Oncolytic virus therapy that lyses cancer cells and elicits an immune response Gendocine Oncorine Gardisal Oncolytic virus therapy used for p53-deficient tumors Choose... Choose... Prophylactic vaccine used to prevent cervical cancer Choose... Therapeutic vaccine directed against prostate cancer
- Hereditary retinoblastoma generally affects children in both eyes, while spontaneous retinoblastoma usually occurs during adulthood only in one eye. Explain the genetic basis for the epidemiological distinction between these two forms of retinoblastoma. Explain the apparent paradox: loss-of-function mutations in tumor-suppressor genes act recessively, yet hereditary retinoblastoma is inherited as an autosomal dominant.Daiyan is as tall as 5 ft 10 inches and weighs about 85kg. Calculate Daiyan's body mass index (BMI) and categorize the type of diet she should follow in order to live a healthy lifestyle. In 2021, Daiyan was diagnosed with cervical cancer stage 4. Outline the development and stages of the cervical cancer in the body. Identify and explain on how cervical cancer can be detected earlier. Justify whether a woman should have the HPV vaccine (accompanied with explanation and analysis). In detail pleaseWhat is the sequential pattern of mutations commonly observed in the development of colorectal adenocarcinoma, and how do these genetic alterations contribute to tumorigenesis and disease progression? Discuss key genes and signaling pathways involved, including APC, KRAS, and TP53 and describe how these mutations disrupt normal cellular functions and promote uncontrolled growth in colorectal cancer.
- Please answer the following queations about cancer 1. Correct mechanism in cancer disease 2. Faulty mechanism in cancer disease 3. Graphic of pathway in cancer disease. 4. Describe a "real life" example of how cancer disease has affected someone (try to find an axample of famous person or anyone).The PAP test looks for early cervical cancer warning symptoms. False or true?Can you critically evaluate this information including details in the discussion, also including molecular and cellular aspects as well as detailed diagnostic and treatment approach:- When tumours attempt to spread/invasive outside of their original tissue or to a remote metastatic location, they are said to be invasive. This process is typically started or sustained by the microenvironment around the tumour. Examine in-depth/Critically what a cancer microenvironment is and how it's considered to encourage tumour migration.
- The following paragraph is taken from the National Cancer Institute’s web site on the PSA test for prostate cancer. The paragraph is the complete discussion of false positive PSA results offered on the web site. • What are some of the limitations of the PSA test? • False-positive tests: False-positive test results (also called false positives) occur when the PSA level is elevated but no cancer is actually present. False positives may lead to additional medical procedures that have potential risks and significant financial costs and can create anxiety for the patient and his family. Most men with an elevated PSA test result turn out not to have cancer; only 25 to 35 percent of men who have a biopsy due to an elevated PSA level actually have prostate cancer. Is the last sentence in the paragraph immediately above about false positives as the paragraph is entitled or is it about the left-hand side of Bayes Theorem? Explain.Explain What are the advantages and disadvantages of CCL22, SERPINE1, TIMP1, CX3CL1 genes to adenocarcinoma tumours in regards to bowel cancer. Provide evidence.A 61-year-old female with KRAS wild- type metastatic colon cancer was initially treated with FOLFOX. After 6 months of chemotherapy, she experienced a partial response to treatment and therapy was continued. Four months later, she developed worsening abdominal pain and an abdominal CT scan showed new sites of disease in her liver. Her oncologist changed her treatment regimen to FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab. Two months later, imaging studies show an increase in the size and number of liver metastases. Which of the following modifications to her current treatment regimen is now most appropriate? Select one: a. Discontinue current regimen; start irinotecan plus cetuximab b. Discontinue current regimen; start FOLFOXIRI plus panitumumab c. Continue FOLFIRI and bevacizumab; add cetuximab