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A: (C)
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(a) In a few sentences, explain what will happen in the long run that will prevent monopolistically competitive firms from continuing to earn above-normal economic profits.
(b) What is different about monopolists and oligopolists that allows these firms to earn above-normal economic profits in the long run, when
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- When oil prices increased 10 fold during the 1973 – 80 energy crisis, many oil companies made huge profits. During this energy crisis, Congress considered imposing an “excess profits” tax on oil companies. If you were in Congress, would you vote for such a tax? Do unexpected monopolistic profits serve any useful function in a market economy?a) Can the threat of a price war deter entry by potential competitors? What actions might a firm take to make this threat credible? b)Why is the firm’s demand curve flatter than the total market demand curve in monopolistic competition? Suppose a monopolistically competitive firm is making a profit in the short run. What will happen to its demand curve in the long run?If you have a graph showing a monopolistic competitive situation in which demand shifts to the left in the long run but your graph only shows the MR curve in the short run, how do you figure out where the long-run MR line should go on the graph? (I have 2 demand curves (sr and lr), but only 1 MR curve (sr). I think it would be to the left of MR sr, but don't know how to draw it. One would need to know this to figure out excess capacity and markup, right?
- The diagram above represents a monopolistically competitive firm. Answer the questions below. Is this firm operating in the short-run or long-run? How do you know? Calculate this firm’s accounting profit. From the diagram, what is the productively efficient output for this firm? From the diagram, economies of scale are maximized at which output level? Explain. From the diagram, what is the allocatively efficient output for this firm? Explain.If the firms in a monopolistically competitive market are earning economic profits or losses in the short run, would you expect them to continue doing so in the long run? Explain your answer Is a monopolistically competitive firm productively efficient? How can you tell? Offer one reason why a monopolistically competitive firm might be productively inefficient. Is it allocatively efficient? How can you tell? Offer one reason why a monopolistically competitive firm might be allocatively inefficient. What stops oligopolists from acting together as a monopolist and earning the highest possible level of profits? Offer two obstacles to oligopolists cooperating. Aside from advertising, how can monopolistically competitive firms increase demand for their products? What effect would doing this have on the elasticity of the firm’s perceived demand curve? Explain your answers. Would you expect the kinked demand curve to be more extreme (like a right angle) or less extreme (like a…What do economists mean when they say that competitive markets are more efficient than monopolistic markets? Monopolistic markets result in lower price and higher production Competitive markets result in lower prices, monopolistic market result in higher production Competitive markets result in lower costs, lower prices, and higher levels of production Easy entry and exit
- Answer all four questions! Is a monopolistically competitive firm productively efficient? How can you tell? Offer one reason why a monopolistically competitive firm might be productively inefficient. Is it allocatively efficient? How can you tell? Offer one reason why a monopolistically competitive firm might be allocatively inefficient.What are the “monopolistic” and the “competitive” elements of monopolistic competition?Instructions: In order to receive full credit, you must make a selection for each option. For correct answer(s), click the box once to place a check mark. For incorrect answer(s), click twice to empty the box.Similar to a monopoly, a monopolistic competitor: can restrict output to increase price (at least in the short run).checked can make profits or losses in the short run.unanswered faces a downward-sloping demand curve.unanswered faces high barriers to entry.unanswered makes economic profits in the long run.unanswered produces where P > MR = MC.unanswered has one seller.unanswered Instructions: In order to receive full credit, you must make a selection for each option. For correct answer(s), click the box once to place a check mark. For incorrect answer(s), click twice to empty the box.Similar to a perfect competitor, a monopolistic competitor: faces a perfectly elastic demand…Which of the following is shared by both monopolistically competitive markets and prefectly competitive markets?
- The diagram above shows a monopolistically competitive firm in the long run. Answer the questions below. If the firm is currently producing and selling Q1 units, what is the price being charged? Using the points displayed on the diagram, name the rectangular area that represents the total fixed cost of production. Using the points displayed on the diagram, name the rectangular area that represents the total variable cost of production. ) Using the points displayed on the diagram, name the rectangular area that represents the profit or loss. What should the firm do regarding price and/or quantity to minimize its losses?In the long run, the positive economic profits earned by the monopolistic competitor will attract a response either from existing firms in the industry or firms outside. As those firms capture the original firm’s profit, what will happen to the original firm’s profit-maximizing price and output levels? Show on a graphIn long run equilibrium, economic profits tend to zero in a perfectly competitive market and also in a monopolistically competitive market. This is true because both market structures share a crucial characteristic. What is the characteristic that causes economic profits to get pushed towards zero in both perfect competition and monopolistic competition?
