Modern cars provide ‘blind-spot monitoring’, a light which activates when an adjacent car is detected. Unfortunately, the system is not perfect. Given that another car is in the blind spot, the blind-spot light is activated 99.9% of the time. However, the system accidentally activates even when another car is not in the blind spot, this occurs 3% of the time. Assume that another car is in one’s blind-spot 2% of the time. i What is the probability that another car is actually in the blind-spot given the light is on? ii Given the blind-spot light is off, how often is another car in the blind-spot?

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Types of Bias

Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative parameter being estimated. According to the actual definition of bias, it refers to the tendency of a statistic to overestimate or underestimate a parameter.