Lets again consider the same two firms from the previous question. In this game, both firms have already entered the market and now decide what price to charge. For concreteness, suppose that there are 10 million customers, each of whom will buy from one of the two firms, and that each firm decides whether to charge $20 or $30 (with costs of zero). If both firms charge the same price, they will each sell to 5 million customers, but if one charges the low price ($20) and the other charges the high price (S30), 8 million will buy from the low-price firm and 2 million will buy from the high-price firm. (a) Create a payoff matrix for this game. (b) Identify any dominant strategies for either of the two players. (C) Identify any Nash equilibrium in the game, using the best response analysis. (d) Is this a Prisoner's Dilemma situation?
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- 4. Using a payoff matrix to determine the equilibrium outcome Suppose that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are the only two firms in a hypothetical market that produce and sell air fryers. The following payoff matrix gives profit scenarios for each company (in millions of dollars), depending on whether it chooses to set a high or low price for fryers. Flashfry Pricing High Low Warmbreeze Pricing High Low 11, 11 2,13 13, 2 10, 10 For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Flashfry prices low and Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will earn a profit of $13 million, and Warmbreeze will earn a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are both profit-maximizing firms. price, and if Flashfry prices low, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it If Flashfry prices high, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a chooses a price. If Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will make more profit if it chooses a chooses a price. Considering all of the…Suppose that Snapface and Instashot are the only two firms in a hypothetical market that produce and sell polaroid cameras. The following payoff matrix gives profit scenarios for each company (in millions of dollars), depending on whether it chooses to set a high or low price for cameras. Snapface Pricing High Low For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Snapface prices low and Instashot prices high, Snapface will earn a profit of $18 million, and Instashot will earn a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Snapface and Instashot are both profit-maximizing firms. Instashot Pricing High Low 11, 11 2, 18 18, 2 10, 10 If Snapface prices high, Instashot will make more profit if it chooses a high price, and if Snapface prices low, Instashot will make more profit if it chooses a price. If Instashot prices high, Snapface will make more profit if it chooses a chooses a ▼ price. Considering all of the information given, pricing high If the firms do not collude,…2. Consider the following "location game." There are two ice cream sellers (Seller 1 and Seller 2) in a small city. Residents are uniformly located on a straight street of length 1. The ice cream sellers need to choose where to set up their carts, and each resident will purchase one unit of ice cream from the nearest seller. The city council has fixed the price of the ice cream, and as a result, each seller just wants sell as much ice cream as possible. (a) We think of this "location game" as a simultaneous-move game, in which each player's payoff is the proportion of residents that buy from her cart. Is this game with discrete strategies or continuous strategies? Please state the set of (pure) strategies for both sellers. Is this game zero-sum or non-zero-sum? (b) Find all NE(s) of this game. (c) Is there an alternative pair of locations for the sellers such that the residents’ total walking distance is reduced but neither seller is hurt? Is it an NE? (d) Suppose now that there are…
- 2. Consider the following "location game." There are two ice cream sellers (Seller 1 and Seller 2) in a small city. Residents are uniformly located on a straight street of length 1. The ice cream sellers need to choose where to set up their carts, and each resident will purchase one unit of ice cream from the nearest seller. The city council has fixed the price of the ice cream, and as a result, each seller just wants sell as much ice cream as possible. (a) We think of this "location game" as a simultaneous-move game, in which each player's payoff is the proportion of residents that buy from her cart. Is this game with discrete strategies or continuous strategies? Please state the set of (pure) strategies for both sellers. Is this game zero-sum or non-zero-sum? (b) Find all NE(s) of this game.Suppose that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are the only two firms in a hypothetical market that produce and sell air fryers. The following payoff matrix gives profit scenarios for each company (in millions of dollars), depending on whether it chooses to set a high or low price for fryers. Warmbreeze Pricing High Low Flashfry Pricing High 11, 11 2, 15 Low 15, 2 8, 8 For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Flashfry prices low and Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will earn a profit of $15 million, and Warmbreeze will earn a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are both profit-maximizing firms. If Flashfry prices high, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Flashfry prices low, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a price. If Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Warmbreeze prices low, Flashfry will make more profit if…Two firms A and B compete on price. They can choose a low or high price. Firm A is smaller than firm B, and typically earn a lower payoff. For instance if both firms offer a low price firm A earns $400, and B $500, and if they both offer a high price Firm A earns just $400, while firm B earns $1,000. However, when Firm A offers a low price and B a high price firm A can gain an advantage and will earn $600, while B will earn $400. Finally, if the situation is reversed and B offers a low price and B a high price, B will steal the market and earn $1,500 while A will earn nothing. Please construct a payoff matrix for this situation Does Firm A have a dominant strategy?
- 6. Using a payoff matrix to determine the equilibrium outcome Suppose there are only two firms that sell tablets: Padmania and Capturesque. The following payoff matrix shows the profit (in millions of dollars) each company will earn, depending on whether it sets a high or low price for its tablets. Capturesque Pricing High Low High 11, 11 2, 18 Padmania Pricing Low 18, 2 10, 10 For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Padmania prices low and Capturesque prices high, Padmania will earn a profit of $18 million, and Capturesque will earn a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Padmania and Capturesque are both profit-maximizing firms. If Padmania prices high, Capturesque will make more profit if it chooses a ▼ price, and if Padmania prices low, Capturesque will make more profit if it chooses a price. If Capturesque prices high, Padmania will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Capturesque prices low, Padmania will make more profit if it chooses…Suppose that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are the only two firms in a hypothetical market that produce and sell air fryers. The following payoff matrix gives profit scenarios for each company (in millions of dollars), depending on whether it chooses to set a high or low price for fryers. Flashfry Pricing High Low For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Flashfry prices low and Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will earn a profit of $15 million, and Warmbreeze will earn a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are both profit-maximizing firms. Warmbreeze Pricing High Low 9,9 2,15 15, 2 8,8 If Flashfry prices high, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a chooses a price. If Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will make more profit if it chooses a chooses a price. Considering all of the information given, pricing low True O False price, and if Flashfry prices low, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it price, and if Warmbreeze…Suppose there are only two firms that sell smartphones, Flashfone and Pictech. The payoff matrix that follows shows the profit (in millions of dollars) each company will earn, depending on whether it sets a high or low price for its phones. For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Flashfone prices low and Pictech prices high, Flashfone will earn a profit of $6 million and Pictech will earn a profit of $1 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Flashfone and Pictech are both profit-maximizing firms.
- Solving for dominant strategies and the Nash equilibrium Suppose Felix and Janet are playing a game in which both must simultaneously choose the action Left or Right. The payoff matrix that follows shows the payoff each person will earn as a function of both of their choices. For example, the lower-right cell shows that if Felix chooses Right and Janet chooses Right, Felix will receive a payoff of 3 and Janet will receive a payoff of 7. Attached the table The only dominant strategy in this game is for (Janet / Felix) to choose (Left / Right). The outcome reflecting the unique Nash equilibrium in this game is as follows: Felix chooses (Left / Right) and Janet chooses (Left / Right).Two firms, X and Y, are involved in a price war. The demand equations for each firm are the following: Qx = 52 - 2Px + Py Qy = 52 - 2Py + Px Further, assume the cost of each unit of out is constant at $4. What is the Nash equilibrium of this game? (Use the best response functions in a graph to answer) There is no Nash equilibrium O $24 $20 $22Imagine that firm X chooses their quantity first, then firm Y observes the quantity of firm X and chooses their own quantity. What is the subgame perfect Nash Equilibrium? Is there a first or second-mover advantage here? You don't need to draw the whole game tree but you should give some kind of explanation for how you came to this equilibrium. (You may assume that firm X can only choose quantities that are multiples of 200. This prevents you from having to deal with prices that are not on the schedule and makes firm Y's strategy easier to write. )