Kidney stones are crystals of calcium oxalate that form in the kidney, ureter, or bladder. Small kidney stones are passed out of the body easily, but larger kidney stones may block the ureter causing severe pain. If the [Ca2+] in blood plasma is 5 × 10-3 M, what [C2O42-] must be present to form a kidney stone? (Calcium oxalate Ksp = 2.3 x 10-9)

Kidney stones are crystals of calcium oxalate that form in the kidney, ureter, or bladder. Small kidney stones are passed out of the body easily, but larger kidney stones may block the ureter causing severe pain. If the [Ca2+] in blood plasma is 5 × 10-3 M, what [C2O42-] must be present to form a kidney stone? (Calcium oxalate Ksp = 2.3 x 10-9)

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter16: Thermodynamics: Directionality Of Chemical Reactions

Section16.9: Gibbs Free Energy And Biological Systems

Problem 16.12PSP

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