Is it true that the effective surface area of kaolinite is limited to external surfaces?
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Is it true that the effective surface area of kaolinite is limited to external surfaces?
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- 3.2 Distinguish between calcite and dolomite? 3.3 Explain the difference between the terms silicon and silicates.A small amount of Mg-EDTA is often added in the titrimetric determination of water hardness. Why?What is the relationship between the silica structure and the Bowen's reaction discontinuous series?
- A Brinell hardness tester with a diameter of 10 mm and a load of 500 kg gives an impression with a diameter of 1.62 mm in a steel alloy. Calculate the Brinell hardness (HB) in the steel alloyWhy fracture strength of ceramic materials increases with decreasing specimen size?A copper specimen subjected to the Brinell Hardness Test using hardened steel ball indenter of diameter 13 mm and the indentation diameter 3.78 mm is measured using an optical magnifying lens with a ruler. Draw the Brinell Hardness Test setup neatly and determine the force applied on the specimen. Take Brinell Hardness Number for copper as 1037. Surface Area of Indentation (in mm2) = Applied Force (in N) =
- A structural component in the shape of a flat plate 24.3 mm thick is to be fabricated from a metal alloy for which the yield strength and plane strain fracture toughness values are 533 MPa and 22.0 MPa-m1/2, respectively. For this particular geometry, the value of Y is 1.3. Assuming a design stress of 0.4 times the yield strength, calculate the critical length of a surface flaw. What formulas do i use ? And how do i use them?Rocks that undergo brittle deformation tends to fracture into?A laminated [0/90/0/90]s graphite/epoxy beam is 1 mm thick, is 20 mm wide, and has 0.125 mm thick plies. The lamina properties are E1 = 180 GPa, E2 = 10 GPa, ν12 = 0.28, G12 = 7 GPa Xt = 1700 MPa, Xc = 1400 MPa, Yt = 40 MPa, Yc = 230 MPa (a) Determine the flexural modulus of the beam (b) How could the flexural modulus be improved without changing the ply materials, the number of plies, or the ply orientations? (c) Using the Maximum Stress Criterion for each ply, determine the magnitude of the maximum allowable bending moment that the beam can withstand. Which ply fails first?
- Given your understanding of what initiates and controls failure in materials, which of the following will increase the failure strength or lifetime of a test piece or component and why? a. Decreasing the difference between the maximum and minimum stress values, as this effects the stress concentration factor b. Decreasing the temperature below the brittle-ductile transition temperature, to make it harder C. Polishing to reduce surface defects Od. Increasing its volume, to give a larger cross sectional area Oe. Increasing the grain size so there are less grain boundaries to initiate failureQUESTION 1 (a) List the 10 minerals in the Moh’s hardness scale, from the softest one to the hardest one. (b) According to the definition of minerals, point out which one is a mineral among the following ones (quartz, water, ice, coal, petroleum). (c) Indicate the differences between color and streak, using magnetite, hematite and limonite as examples. (d) State the difference between cleavage and fracture of minerals, using quartz and mica as examples. QUESTION 2 (a) What is the theory of plate tectonics? (b) State the two (2) types of plates and three (3) types of boundaries. (c) How many percent do sedimentary rocks take in the crust (volume) and in the continents area? (d) What are major mineral components in sedimentary rocks? QUESTION 3 (a) Define the following terms with sketches where appropriate: i) Rock deformation ii) Strike iii) Dip iv) Dip angle (b) What is the difference between normal and reverse faults? Show diagrams