In complex II in the electron transport chain electrons from coenzyme QH2 is transferred to cytochrome C. True or False
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In complex II in the electron transport chain electrons from coenzyme QH2 is transferred to cytochrome C.
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- In complex I in the electron transport chain electrons from FADH2 are transferred to cytochrome C. True or FalseIn complex III in the electron transport chain electrons from NADH + H+ are transferred to coenzyme Q. True or FalseThe following statements describe the path of electrons from NADH through the electron transport chain. Please arrange them in order: Cytochrome c (Fe2+) carries electrons to Complex IV. Cytochrome c (Fe3+) is reduced to cytochrome c (Fe2+) QH2 carries electrons to Complex III Oxygen is reduced to water Ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) is reduced to ubiquinol (QH2)
- Carbon monoxide is considered toxic because it acts on Complex IV. How would the addition of carbon monoxide to actively respiring mitochondria affect the relative oxidation-reduction states of all components of the electron-transport chain? Complexes I and I would be reduced, but complexes II and IV would be oxidized because the electrons come from FADH2 oxidation, not NADH. O All four complexes would remain oxidized because they function as a multisystem complex. O Complexes I, II, and I would be reduced and Complex IV would be oxidized. All four complexes would remain reduced because they function as a multisystem complex Complexes I, II, and ill would be oxidized but Complex IV would remain reduced.Which of the following statements concerning the complete oxidation of FADH2 in the electron transport chain is NOT true? a. In the final step, electrons from cytochrome c to O2 reducing it to H2O in complex IV, and four protons are transported from the intermembrane space to the matrix. b. In the first step, electrons from FADH2 are transferred in complex II to ubiquinone, which does not transport any proton across the inner mitochondrion membrane. c. In the second step, complex III transfers the electrons from ubiquinone to cytochrome c, and four protons are transported from the matrix to the intermembrane space. d. The complete oxidation of FADH2 causes transfer of 6 protons and yields two ATP.The reduction potentials of iron in each of the cytochromes in the electron transport complexesvary from 0.The reduction potentials of iron in each of the cytochromes in the electron transport complexes vary from 0.1 V to 0.39 V. Explain why these different values are necessary for the operation of this process
- Models such as the one shown in the illustration below are often used to represent the electron transport chain. Explain why this model is well-suited to this concept. Explain why metabolic processes such as cellular respiration and photosynthesis require a multi-stage release of energy, rather than a one-step reactionHydrogen cyanide gas is a lethal poison that binds to the last cytochrome molecule in the electron transport chain. What effect would this have at the cellular level?All of the following components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain contain several nitrogen atoms, with the exception of: the cytochrome b-c1 complex the cytochrome c oxidase complex coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) the cytochrome a-a3 complex cytochrome c The most common enzyme in nature, used during the Calvin cycle, is called: ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase FADH2 dehydrogenase NADH dehydrogenase chlorophyll a chlorophyll b
- In the electron transport chain (ETC), the electrons carried by an NADH molecule have the potential energy to create 2.5 ATP molecules while the electrons carried by an FADH₂ molecule have the potential energy to create only 1.5 ATP molecules. Please explain why this happens.Pyruvate generated by glycolysis under anaerobic conditions is converted tolactate or ethanol. It may seem this is a waste of energy, but it is in factcritical to survival for cells exposed to oxygen limiting conditions. Explain whythis is true.Hydrogen cyanide gas is a lethal poison that binds to the last cytochrome molecule in the electron transport system. What effect would this have at the cellular level?