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If you have already had an eye examination at an ophthalmologist, you probably noticed that you had to use eyedrops at first. The solution is then dripped into the eyes of atropine (the poison of the poison ivy), which dilates the pupils - which makes it possible easier tracking of the fundus. For more complicated procedures they use substances that work longer - for example, tropicamide. Like all similar substances tropicamide also affects the central nervous system and thus became one of the ingredients of the infamous "crocodile" drug. In this task we will look at its synthesis: d) Intermediate IN2 is converted to intermediate IN3 through 3 steps, the procedure is as follows: It is necessary to prevent the formation of by-products. 1. What would happen if we attempted the direct alkylation of IN2 to IN3 using ethyl iodide in the presence of potash? 2. Write the structure of at least 2 byproducts VP1 and VP2 that would they could have arisen under such conditions.

If you have already had an eye examination at an ophthalmologist, you probably noticed that you had to use eyedrops at first. The solution is then dripped into the eyes of atropine (the poison of the poison ivy), which dilates the pupils - which makes it possible easier tracking of the fundus. For more complicated procedures they use substances that work longer - for example, tropicamide. Like all similar substances tropicamide also affects the central nervous system and thus became one of the ingredients of the infamous "crocodile" drug. In this task we will look at its synthesis: d) Intermediate IN2 is converted to intermediate IN3 through 3 steps, the procedure is as follows: It is necessary to prevent the formation of by-products. 1. What would happen if we attempted the direct alkylation of IN2 to IN3 using ethyl iodide in the presence of potash? 2. Write the structure of at least 2 byproducts VP1 and VP2 that would they could have arisen under such conditions.

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Chapter5: Gases, Liquids, And Solids
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 5.120P
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If you have already had an eye examination at an ophthalmologist, you probably noticed that you had to use eyedrops at first. The solution is then dripped into the eyes of atropine (the poison of the poison ivy), which dilates the pupils - which makes it possible easier tracking of the fundus. For more complicated procedures they use substances that work longer - for example, tropicamide. Like all similar substances tropicamide also affects the central nervous system and thus became one of the ingredients of the infamous "crocodile" drug. In this task we will look at its synthesis: d) Intermediate IN2 is converted to intermediate IN3 through 3 steps, the procedure is as follows: It is necessary to prevent the formation of by-products. 1. What would happen if we attempted the direct alkylation of IN2 to IN3 using ethyl iodide in the presence of potash? 2. Write the structure of at least 2 byproducts VP1 and VP2 that would they could have arisen under such conditions. e) In the synthesis of the intermediate IN4, it is necessary to use 2 equivalents of NaH. If we used only one equivalent, there would be a risk of by-products. Suggest the structure of at least one of them. 0-8-8-8-8-8 _N IN3 O, P Q. R Ph 1: NaH (2 equivalents) 2: AA HO M, N AcO S, T HO CN 00:0 K₂CO₂ COOH water COOH IN4 K, L AB U, V IN2 COOH AcO NH₂ TSO CN COCI water Z INS: W CN teplo COOH I 1: X, Y 2: H
Transcribed Image Text:If you have already had an eye examination at an ophthalmologist, you probably noticed that you had to use eyedrops at first. The solution is then dripped into the eyes of atropine (the poison of the poison ivy), which dilates the pupils - which makes it possible easier tracking of the fundus. For more complicated procedures they use substances that work longer - for example, tropicamide. Like all similar substances tropicamide also affects the central nervous system and thus became one of the ingredients of the infamous "crocodile" drug. In this task we will look at its synthesis: d) Intermediate IN2 is converted to intermediate IN3 through 3 steps, the procedure is as follows: It is necessary to prevent the formation of by-products. 1. What would happen if we attempted the direct alkylation of IN2 to IN3 using ethyl iodide in the presence of potash? 2. Write the structure of at least 2 byproducts VP1 and VP2 that would they could have arisen under such conditions. e) In the synthesis of the intermediate IN4, it is necessary to use 2 equivalents of NaH. If we used only one equivalent, there would be a risk of by-products. Suggest the structure of at least one of them. 0-8-8-8-8-8 _N IN3 O, P Q. R Ph 1: NaH (2 equivalents) 2: AA HO M, N AcO S, T HO CN 00:0 K₂CO₂ COOH water COOH IN4 K, L AB U, V IN2 COOH AcO NH₂ TSO CN COCI water Z INS: W CN teplo COOH I 1: X, Y 2: H
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