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How are fats normally digested and absorbed? What abnormalities in digestion and absorption of fats would cause steatorrhea
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- Define the following terms: digestion absorption peristalsis bolus chymeDescribe the process of CHO digestion and absorption in the mouth, stomach, SI, enterocyte, and LI. Describe the function of alpha-amylase (salivary and pancreatic). Describe the difference in the digestion of amylose vs amylopectin and glycogen. Describe the function of each enzyme responsible for carbohydrate breakdown. Focus on how each enzyme is different and their important contribution to digestion of different types of carbs. Describe the three types of transport necessary for CHO absorption. Identify which monosaccharides can be absorbed for each mechanism. Describe general regulation of CHO absorption. Describe the normal response of blood glucose, insulin, and glucagon to eating a CHO-containing meal. Describe how insulin secretion is stimulatedTrace the steps in fat digestion, absorption, and transport. What does HDL do? no handwritten answers, please.
- Describe protein digestion by location: mouth, stomach, small intestine, enterocyte, large intestine. Define zymogen/proenzyme. Describe each key enzyme in protein digestion (including how each are activated). Describe the function and importance of enteropeptidase. Describe the function and importance of trypsin. Know the difference between an endogenous and exogenous peptidase. Describe the functions of brush border peptidases and cytosolic peptidases. Describe absorption of peptides and absorption of amino acid (they are different). Describe different fates of amino acids once they are absorbed and released into circulation. Describe what can happen if protein is not absorbed properly.After adopting a 4-year-old child from Bangladesh, the boy's parents notice that he is rather short for his age and has swelling in his feet and belly. The parents are concerned he might be malnourished and take him to see a pediatrician. Explain the symptoms of protein undernutrition. What foods might the parents feed the boy to help alleviate his symptomsVisit www.mayoclinic.org to learn more about the gallbladder's role in fat breakdown. What dietary changes are suggested following gallbladder removal? Why do you think this is so?
- Explain how the organs in the GI tract can protect themselves from being digested by theenzymes they produce or from mechanical abrasions.Kwashiorkor is a protein-deficiency disease that occurs most commonly in small children, who characteristically have thin arms and legs and bloated, distended abdomens due to fluid imbalance. When such children areplaced on adequate diets, they tend to lose weight at first. Explain this observation.During liver failure, what specific amino acids should be used in order to ameliorate the existing diseases condition? Why have you selected these amino acids?