Give the genotypes and its ratio of the dihybrid cross of FIGURE 7.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
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Author:Michael Cummings
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Chapter3: Transmission Of Genes From Generation To Generation
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GENETICS Question; 1. Give the genotypes and its ratio of the dihybrid cross of FIGURE 7. Regarding this problem, you may refer the genotype of the monohybrid cross of pea flower color in Figure 6.
Each true-breeding plant of the
parental generation has two identical
alleles, denoted as either PP or pp.
P Generation
Purple flowers White flowers
Appearance:
Genetic makeup:
Gametes (circles) each contain only
one allele for the flower-color gene.
In this case, every gamete produced by
a given parent has the same allele.
PP
PP
Gametes:
Union of parental gametes produces
F, hybrids having a Pp combination.
Because the purple-flower allele is
dominant, all these hybrids have purple
flowers.
F, Generation
Appearance:
Genetic makeup:
Purple flowers
Pp
When the hybrid plants produce
gametes, the two alleles segregate.
Half of the gametes receive the P allele
and the other half the p allele.
Gametes:
2 P
Sperm from
F, (Pp) plant
This box, a Punnett square, shows
all possible combinations of alleles
in offspring that result from an
F, x F, (Pp × Pp) cross. Each square
represents an equally probable product
of fertilization. For example, the bottom
left box shows the genetic combination
resulting from a p egg fertilized by
a (P sperm.
F, Generation
P
Eggs from
F, (Pp) plant
PP
Pp
Pp
pp
Random combination of the gametes
results in the 3:1 ratio that Mendel
observed in the F, generation.
Phenotype
Genotype
PP
Purple
(homozygous)
Pp
(heterozygous)
Purple
Pp
(heterozygous)
Purple
pp
(homozygous)
1
White
Ratio 3 purple : 1 white
Ratio 1 PP : 2 Pp : 1 pp
Fig. 6. Mendel's law of segregation; Source: Campbell Biology (p. 273-274).
Transcribed Image Text:Each true-breeding plant of the parental generation has two identical alleles, denoted as either PP or pp. P Generation Purple flowers White flowers Appearance: Genetic makeup: Gametes (circles) each contain only one allele for the flower-color gene. In this case, every gamete produced by a given parent has the same allele. PP PP Gametes: Union of parental gametes produces F, hybrids having a Pp combination. Because the purple-flower allele is dominant, all these hybrids have purple flowers. F, Generation Appearance: Genetic makeup: Purple flowers Pp When the hybrid plants produce gametes, the two alleles segregate. Half of the gametes receive the P allele and the other half the p allele. Gametes: 2 P Sperm from F, (Pp) plant This box, a Punnett square, shows all possible combinations of alleles in offspring that result from an F, x F, (Pp × Pp) cross. Each square represents an equally probable product of fertilization. For example, the bottom left box shows the genetic combination resulting from a p egg fertilized by a (P sperm. F, Generation P Eggs from F, (Pp) plant PP Pp Pp pp Random combination of the gametes results in the 3:1 ratio that Mendel observed in the F, generation. Phenotype Genotype PP Purple (homozygous) Pp (heterozygous) Purple Pp (heterozygous) Purple pp (homozygous) 1 White Ratio 3 purple : 1 white Ratio 1 PP : 2 Pp : 1 pp Fig. 6. Mendel's law of segregation; Source: Campbell Biology (p. 273-274).
YY RR
yy rr
Gametes
YR
yr
F, (all identical)
Yy Rr
Yy Rr
F2
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
yR
/4(YR)
YY RR YY Rr |Yy RR Yy Rr
1/4(Yr
YY Rr YY rr
Yy Rr
Yy rr
M/4y R)
Yy RR Yy Rr yy RR yy Rr
/4yr)
Yy Rr
Yy rr
yy Rr
yy rr
Each box:
|1/4 X 1/4 = 1/16
Туре
Genotype
Phenotype
Number Phenotypic
Ratio
Parental
Y-R-
yellow round
315
9/16
Recombinant yy R-
green round
108
3/16
Recombinant
Y- rr
yellow wrinkled 101
3/16
Parental
yy rr
green wrinkled
32
1/16
Fig. 7. Dihybrid cross using Punnett Square; Source: Genetics From Genes to
Genomes (p. 9).
Transcribed Image Text:YY RR yy rr Gametes YR yr F, (all identical) Yy Rr Yy Rr F2 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 yR /4(YR) YY RR YY Rr |Yy RR Yy Rr 1/4(Yr YY Rr YY rr Yy Rr Yy rr M/4y R) Yy RR Yy Rr yy RR yy Rr /4yr) Yy Rr Yy rr yy Rr yy rr Each box: |1/4 X 1/4 = 1/16 Туре Genotype Phenotype Number Phenotypic Ratio Parental Y-R- yellow round 315 9/16 Recombinant yy R- green round 108 3/16 Recombinant Y- rr yellow wrinkled 101 3/16 Parental yy rr green wrinkled 32 1/16 Fig. 7. Dihybrid cross using Punnett Square; Source: Genetics From Genes to Genomes (p. 9).
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