Explain the role of carnitine in the energy supply of the myocardium
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Explain the role of carnitine in the energy supply of the myocardium
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- Explain how the connective tissues of the myocardium are similar to the tendinous origins and insertions of skeletal muscles.Identify and describe the structure shown in the figure below. What role does this structure contribute to the functional myocardium? Identify the structure shownExplain why part of the myocardium is nonfunctionalfollowing myocardial infarction.
- Define myocardiumDescribe the pacemaker potential and the myocardial action potential, and explain how the latter correlates with myocardial contraction and relaxation.(vii) What is creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and why are elevated CPK levels in the blood suggestive of a myocardial infarction? (viii) What is cor pulmonale? (ix) Describe the main clinical findings (with cor pulmonale) on examination. Explain your answer.
- explain the process of Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release in the myocardium. how does this process differ from excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal musclesDescribe the structure of the pericardiumCharacterize the substrates supplying the energy metabolism of cardiac muscle fibers, and describe quantitatively the contribution of the cardiac muscle to resting oxygen consumption. Give the normal values of oxygen extraction and arteriovenous oxygen difference in the coronary circulation, and explain how these values are unique when compared with other body organs.