Explain the role of a router in the OSI model, and provide an example of a real-world device that operates at this layer.
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Explain the role of a router in the OSI model, and provide an example of a real-world device that operates at this layer.
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- What are the primary functions of a hub, a switch, and a router in the context of the OSI model? How do they operate at different layers?Explain the concept of gateways and their role in connecting different network protocols at the OSI model's various layers.An entry in the switching table of a virtual-circuit network is normally created during the setup phase and deleted during the teardown phase. In other words, the entries in this type of network reflect the current connections, the activity in the network. In contrast, the entries in a routing table of a datagram network do not depend on the current connections; they show the configuration of the network and how any packet should be routed to a final destination. The entries may remain the same even if there is no activity in the network. The routing tables, however, are updated if there are changes in the network. Can you explain the reason for these two different characteristics? Can we say that a virtual-circuit is a connection oriented network and a datagram network is a connectionless network because of the above characteristics?
- A connectionless protocol, such as Ethernet, defines the route of a packet through source and destination addresses. However, a connection-oriented protocol, such as ATM, defines the route of a cell through virtual connection identifiers (VPIs and VCIs). Could you explain this statement?Explain the role of a router in the OSI model and give an example of a real-world scenario where a router operates at the network layer.Define the functions of a router in the OSI model.
- How does a router function in relation to the OSI model, and which layers does it operate on?Describe the role of a router in the OSI model and its functions at different layers.a) Explain the general functions provided by the Transport layer in the OSI reference model. In the TCP/IP implementation compare the differences between the two transport layer protocols, TCP and UDP. Give examples where each protocol would be used. b) Give details of the hardware and software required to configure a new managed switch or router for a network. Explain how the initial connection can be made to configure the device. What is the term given to this type of access.