During the metabolism of glucose in anaerobic cells, the enzyme lactatedehydrogenase is essential to allow glycolysis to continue. This enzyme catalyzes thereduction of pyruvate to lactate. Why is this so essential?OA) It lowers the pH.B) It re-oxidizes NADH to NAD+.C) Lactate stimulates hexokinase activity.D) Pyruvate inhibits pyruvate kinase.

Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate. The enzyme is an…

Answered: During the metabolism of glucose in…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Glucosamine is a common compound that inhibits hexokinase action (the transfer of a phosphate group to glucose during glycolysis). A) Describe the consequences of glucosamine exposure on cellular respiration. B) Is glucosamine exposure fatal? Why or why not?
Which of these is associated with production of ATP during glycolysis? (Select all that apply) a) Conversion of 1,3-BPG to 3PG b) Conversion of 1,3-BPG to 2,3-BPG c) Conversion of PEP to pyruvate d) Conversion of 2,3-BPG to 2PG e) Phosphorylation of glucose
10) The glycerol phosphate shuttle functions in. A) Lipid catabolism C) Anaerobic glycolysis for the regeneration of NAD 8) Triglyceride synthesis D) Aerobic glycolysis to transport NAH equivalents resulting from glycolysis into mitochondria. 11) In muscles, the pyruvate is converted into lactate. Find the correct statement A) During lactate formation, NADH is reconverted into NAD B) During the product of lactate two AT are produced C) Lactate is the substrate from the downstream pathway D) Lactate acts as the substrate for the formation of amino acid 12) Which of the following regulates lipolysis in adipocytes A) Activation of fatty acid synthesis mediated by CAMP 8) Glycerol phosphorylation to prevent futile esterification of fatty acids C) Activation of triglyceride lipase as a result of hormone stimulated increases in cAMP levels D) Activation of cAMP production by Insulin 13) Glycolysis consists of three irreversible steps. Which of the following enzyme catalyzes the reaction are…
In some tissues, glucose 6-phosphate is oxidized to pentose phosphates by the pentose phosphate pathway. a) Which tissues prefer this pathway and why? Explain in detail. b) Due to the fact that glucose 6-phosphate is also an intermediate for the glycolysis pathway, the regulation of glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway is very important. NADPH plays a crucial role in partitioning of glucose 6-phosphate between glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. Explain this role of NADPH in detail.
Select which of the following enzymes unique to glycolysis are also sites of regulation for glycolysis. Select all that apply. a) glyceraldehyde 3 P dehydrogenase b) PFK c) pyruvate kinase d) hexokinase e) enolase f) phosphoglycerate mutase
Listed are some hypothetical medical conditions, describe their effect on cellular respiration (specifically refer to the effect they will have on energy production). a) A person is unable to take glucose into their cells. b) A mutation occurs in the ATP synthase protein and it is inactive. c) The mitochondrial inner membrane is very permeable to H+.
the reaction catalyzed by glyceradehyde 3-phosphate dehydrigenase is based on NAD+ and a active site cysteine. Also another phosphate group is added. what is the reason for that? a) because one ATP is consumed b) an inorganic phosphate is activated for ATP synthesis C) NADH can be recycld and than converted back to NAD+ for glycolysis d) because one ATP is generated
a.) in human, under what condition will pyruvate be converted to lactate? what type of reaction occurs when pyruvate is converted to lactate? b.) in human, what happens to pyruvate when there is sufficient oxygen supply? which enzyme is involved in this chemical reaction?
Consider the following reaction. What is the consequence of the increase of cytosolic CAMP concentration during the fight-or-flight response? Adenylyl cyclase ATP CAMP PPi O a) The breakdown of glycogen into glucose 1-phosphate O b) The inhibition of glycolysis c) The inhibition of the phosphofructokinase d) The inhibition of the citric acid cycle e) The inhibition of the protein kinase A
Name a compound that can serve as a raw material for gluconeogenesis and is from the a.) glycolytic pathway ) from the citric acid cycle c.) an amino acid. Glucose is the only carbohydrate that the brain can use for energy. Which pathway is mobilized to supply the need of the brain during starvation?: a.) glycolysis b.) gluconeogenesis or c.) glycogenesis? Explain. The end product of glycolysis, pyruvate, cannot enter as such into the citric acid cycle. Which process converts this C3 compound to a C2 compound? Of the 36 molecules of ATP produced by the complete metabolism of glucose, how many are produced directly in glycolysis alone, that is, before the common pathway? Based on the names of the enzymes participating in glycolysis, what would be the name of the enzyme catalyzing the activation of glycerol?
The key regulatory enzymes in glycolysis are: A) hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase. B) hexokinase, phosphoglycerate kinase, and pyruvate kinase. phosphoglycerate kinase, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. C) hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
complex allosteric regulation of the aspartate transcarbamoylase reaction is significant because it links? a) citric acid cycle and catecholamine biosynthesis b)glycolysis and lactic acid fermentation c) opiate with neurotransmitter d) glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism e) amino acid and nitrogenous base metabolism

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