Draw the following four graphs with an economy experiencing an inflationary gap: money market, investment demand, aggregate demand and supply (with the LRAS), and the Phillips curve. Show what happens in the short-run on all three graphs when the central bank decreases the money supply.
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- A. What assumptions did Thomas Sargent make when he claimed that inflation is always and everywhere a fiscal phenomenon?" B. Why is it appropriate in the book's short-term model for the author to use the Phillips Curve as an Aggregate Supply curve? Does it capture the working of the labor market as well as an AS curve based, say, on sticky wages? C. Provide an example of the book's short-run model being based on "microfoundations."In order to combat inflation, the Fed will ________ the federal funds rate thereby ________ the quantity of money. a. raise; increase b. lower; increase c. raise; decrease d. lower; decreaseSuppose that the central bank has the policy "set R equal to 3 if inflation equals 2% and GAP = 0. Raise R by 0.5 points for every point of inflation above 2%. Reduce R by 0.5 points for every point that inflation falls shortof 2%. Increase R by 1 point for every percentage point of GAP, if GAP > 0. Reduce R by 1 point for every percentage point of GAP, if GAP < 0." All but one of the following is an equation that is consistent with this rule. Which is the exception? OR-3+0.5( - 2) + GAP OF-2+1.5n + GAP OF- 3+0.5(n - 2) + GAP + n R-2+n+ GAP
- Please fill in the blank & answer multiple choice questions : If the money supply is increased by 5% and: a. velocity is constant, and the output is constant at full employment output, then inflation is b. velocity is constant, and the full employment output increased by 2%, then inflation is a. 0.05, 0.03 b. 0.07, 0.02 c. 0.09, 0.06 d. 0.10, 0.11Consider an economy that is initially in its long-run equilibrium. Suppose this economy suffers a temporary negative supply shock. If the central bank’s sole objective is to stabilize output in the short-run, then what will happen after the central bank has responded according to its objective? A. Inflation will be lower, output will back at its original level B. Inflation will be lower, output will be lower C. Inflation will be higher, output will be higher D. Inflation will be lower, output will be higher E. Inflation will be higher, output will be lower F. Inflation will be higher, output will back at its original levelWhat must the gum economy’s Fed do to meet its long-run instruction in relation to production expansion if it has the same mandate as the U.S. Fed? The gum economy Fed must question A. stop the quantity of money from changing. B. double the quantity of money. C. match the growth of the quantity of money to the growth in real GDP. D. keep the growth of the quantity of money in line with the inflation rate.
- The long-run Phillips curve would shift to the left if a. the money supply growth rate increased or labor markets become more flexible. b. the money supply growth rate increased but not if labor markets become more flexible. c. labor markets become more flexible but not if the money supply growth rate increased. d. None of the above is correct.The economy of Macro Island is described by the quantity equation with constant velocity. All residents of Macro Island understand the quantity theory and use it to form their expectations of inflation. Real income grows at a steady 2 percent per year, and the nominal interest rate is 5 percent. In one year, people had expected the money supply to grow by 4 percent, but in fact it grew by only 3 percent. a. What was the inflation rate? (3% 4% 1% 2%) b. What was the expected inflation rate? (1% 4% 3% 2%) c. What was the ex ante real interest rate? (4% 2% 1% 3%) d. What was the ex post real interest rate? (2% 1% 4% 3%) e. Did the deviation of inflation from what was expected hurt creditors or debtors? ( Creditors Debtors)The economy begins in long-run equilibrium. Then one day, the president appoints a new Fed chair. This new chair is well known for her view that inflation is not a major problem for an economy. a. How would this news affect the price level that people expect to prevail? b. How would this change in the expected price level affect the nominal wage that workers and firms agree to in their new labor contracts? c. How would this change in the nominal wage affect the profitability of producing goods and services at any given price level?
- Jerome Powell is attempting to lower inflation. His actions look a lot like Paul Volcker’s disinflation policy and model. Graphically illustrate this effect and explain the process. Is it possible to reduce inflation without causing a recession?Monetary Policy: End of Chapter Problem 28a Central bankers must manage expectations. Suppose that inflation is running at 10% and the central banker would like to lower inflation to 2% without reducing real growth. What should the central banker tell the public? And at what level should the central banker set money growth? Adjust the graph to show how the central banker's policy will affect the economy, assuming people believe the central bank will do as it says. Label the new equilibrium with point b. Assume that velocity shocks are zero and that the potential growth rate is 3%. b. Suppose that the public does believe the central banker. What temptation might the central banker face? Label the equilibrium at which the economy will wind up if the central banker succumbs to this temptation with point c. c. If the central banker is not believed but follows the policy in part a, use point d to indicate where the economy will be. Use your answer to parts b and c to discuss the importance…In the graph, demonstrate the short-run effect of an increase in the growth rate of the money supply, assuming all else remains equal. What happens in the long run? LRAS O As expectations adjust to the increase, all curves shift back to their original locations. SRAS The SRAS curve shifts to the left, and the inflation rate increases, with no change in the growth rate. The AD curve shifts to the right, and both the real growth rate and inflation rate increase. The LRAS curve shifts to the right, and the real growth rate increases, with no change in the inflation rate. AD Real GDP growth rate Inflation rate (T)
