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1. Discuss the basic structure and function of DNA as the genetic material.
2. Give the function of DNA in the transmission of trait from parent to offspring
3. Discuss how
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- SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Imagine that you are a genetic counselor. What advice or suggestions might you give in the following situations? (a) A couple has come for advice because the woman had a sister who died of Tay-Sachs disease. (b) A young man and woman who are not related are engaged to be married. However, they have learned that the mans parents are first cousins, and they are worried about the possibility of increased risk of genetic defects in their own children. (c) A young womans paternal uncle (her fathers brother) has hemophilia A. Her father is free of the disease, and there has never been a case of hemophilia A in her mothers family. Should she be concerned about the possibility of hemophilia A in her own children? (d) A 20-year-old man is seeking counseling because his father was recently diagnosed with Huntingtons disease. (e) A 45-year-old woman has just been diagnosed with Huntingtons disease. She says she will not tell her college-age sons because of the burden it will place on them. Given that the woman, not her sons, is your client, do you have a duty to inform the sons? Explain your reasoning.7. In gene therapy an attempt is made to transfer a "normal" gene into the cells of a person who lacks copies of the "normal" gene. Why would scientists and the government be more receptive to somatic gene therapy than to germline gene therapy? 8. Answer the following questions for the two following pedigrees In Pedigree A, is the red highlighted trait dominant or recessive? Why? а. b. What is the genotype of individual C? In Pedigree B, is the red highlighted trait dominant or recessive? Why? а. d. What is the genotype of individual D? Pedigree A Pedigree B :mele =foncle I fenole toffected effected 9. Make a pedigree for each of the following situations. For each individual, write the individual's genotype (when possible) next to the individual's symbol (e.g. O x*Y, Gg): a. Two parents do not have cystic fibrosis and they have a daughter with cystic fibrosis and a son who does not have cystic fibrosis. The daughter grows up and she mates with a male who does not have cystic fibrosis.…1.Explain the relationship between genotype and phenotype, and specifically describe the cellular processes that link the two. 1b. Are all mutations deleterious to an organism? Explain.
- 1. Suppose you identify a new gene in mice. One of its alleles specifies white fur, another specifies brown. You want to see if these alleles are inherited in a Mendelian pattern, or with incomplete dominance. What crosses would give you the answer? Explain. 2. Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an example of a complex genetic disorder caused by a single mutation. Read section 13.1 Menacing Mucus in your text, and explain the cause and symptoms of CF and justify it as an example of pleiotropy.1. Discuss how Mendel formulated the Law of Inheritance in his pea plant experiment3. People who like certain purebred dog breeds, such as German shepherd dogs, are often saddened to learn that some individuals of these purebred breeds have specific genetic defects that might be due to single mutations that are present in the breed. For example, German shepherd dogs often suffer from hip dysplasia. Not all German shepherd individuals seem to have this mutant allele for hip dysplasia. How might you use your knowledge of linkage to select a German shepherd population that has all the phenotypic traits you want with this breed while no longer having a genetic predisposition to hip dysplasia?
- Part 1: Mendelian Genetics 1. For each of the genotypes Purple Flowers are Dominant to white flowers PP - Purple Pp - Purple pp-White Straight hair is dominant to curly hair below, list all possible phenotypes. Brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes Straight - HH, Hh Curly - hh BB- Bb bb- 2. For each of the phenotypes below, list all possible genotypes. (Remember: use only 1 letter to designate a trait, big and small per scenario) Pointed heads are dominant to round heads Black fur is dominant to white fur Pointed - Round - FF - Ff- ff - Jagged leaves are dominant to smooth leaves Jagged - Smooth -6. Identify the mode of inheritance for the following pedigree. Provide the genotypes of indicated individuals. ? Genotypes: Il-1 IV-1 V-6 Il-2 IV-2 V-12 Il-3 IV-3 V- 14 III-1 IV-4 V-16 III-13 V- 1 V-198. Where can you find linked genes? A. same chromosome of two different cells B. different chromosome of the same shape C. different chromosome of the same size D. same chromosome of an organism
- 6. Below is a pedigree of a rare human genetic disease. The filled in symbols indicate affected individuals. Assume that the disease is caused by a mutant allele of gene A. a. Based on this pedigree, what is the most likely mode of inheritance? b. What is/are the possible genotype(s) of person 1, 2, 3 and 4? c. If individuals 1 and 4 have a child together, what is the probability that the child will exhibit the disease? 50% d. If individuals 2 and 3 have a child together, what is the probability that the child will exhibit the disease? 2 3 41. The first genetic test used a short DNA sequence that was closely linked to the Huntington’s locus. The linkage distance between the DNA sequence used in the test and the actual Huntington’ disease locus was 5%. a. In a large sample of the Venezuelan family (over 2,000 individuals), what percentage of people would inherit the DNA sequence but not the Huntington’s allele (i.e. be a false positive test for Huntington’s)? b. What percentage of that large Venezuelan family would not inherit the DNA sequence but would inherit the Huntington’s allele (i.e., be a false negative test for Huntington’s)?1.True or false: Morgan's fruit fly work showed that genes reside on chromosomes 2. True or false: All pea plant traits are "either or" 3. True or false: Mendel's "factors" are actually alleles for genes 4. True of false: DNA polymerase matches complimentary nucleotides to the template strand
