Answered: Describe 2 factors that contribute to…

Describe 2 factors that contribute to the efficiency of gas exchange in fish gills. Why are fish gills the most efficient of all respiratory organs?

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter46: Gas Exchange

Section46.2: Types Of Respiratory Surfaces

Problem 2C: How does gas exchange differ among the following animals: earthworm, grasshopper, fish, and bird?

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How does gas exchange differ among the following animals: earthworm, grasshopper, fish, and bird?
what are 2 factors that contribute to the efficiency of gas exchange in fish gills and why are they the most efficient respiratory organ?
Why are fish gills the most efficient of all respiratory organs?
1. Gas exchange in terrestrial versus aquatic environments follows similar physical laws but there are also important differences. Using Fick's law, identify the MAIN factor that is different between these two environments? a) Everything is different in water b) Barrier thickness c) Diffusion coefficient d) Diffusion rate 2. Gills are used by most aquatic invertebrates for gas exchange. What are some of the characteristics they have that make them and ideal gas exchange organ? Select all that apply. a) They are highly folded (increasing surface area) b) They are never used in hypoxic environments (increasing concentration gradient) c) They are only possessed by small organisms (decreasing length) d) They are thin-walled (decreasing barrier thickness).
Identify 3 physical conditions that can optimize rate of diffusion of a gas across a membrane, and relate these to Fick’s Law of Diffusion. Please describe 3 ways animal respiratory systems have evolved in order to maximize the exchange of O2and CO2across their membranes.
Describe structural and functional differences between gills and lungs (ie. know the anatomy of lungs and gills). Why are birds’ lungs more efficient at removing O2 from the air compared with mammalian lungs?
SOURCE: Gills are the main site of gas exchange in almost all fishes. The gills consist of bony or cartilaginously stiffened arches that anchor pairs of gill filaments. In sharks, the pairs of gill filaments are separated by a fleshy septum. The numerous, minute lamellae that protrude from both sides of each filament are the primary sites of gas exchange; however, not all the blood flow in the gills is directed to the lamellae. "Nonrespiratory basal blood channels or venolymphatic simuses may carry a significant fraction of the gall blood found that resting rainbow trout perfused approximately 58% of their lamellae with blood. Trout in hypoxic (low dissolved oxygen) water or injected with epinepherine (eg. simulating stress or excitement) perfused more than 70% of their lamellae. Conversely, injections of acetylcholine decreased perfused lamellae to approximately 43%. These results indicate that rainbow trout can increase the number of lamellae that are used in respiration as the…
Describe some structural and functional features that are commonto all gas-exchange surfaces in animals.
Define the term “exchange surface” and list four common features of gas-exchange organs in animals.
Why is an internal location for gas exchange tissues advantageous for terrestrial animals?
Explain some structural and functional features that are common to all gas-exchange surfaces in animals.
Can you compare mammalian lungs to bird and dinosaur lungs? What are the differences especially with their respiratory systems?