Q: If the HIV did not have a reverse transcriptase enzyme, then which of the following would apply?…
A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that comprise a large and diverse family of…
Q: Although the HIV virus also referred to as a retroviruse,reaembles the flu and mumps virus in…
A: HIV virus or Human immunodeficiency virus is the etiological agent of AIDS disease ( The Acquired…
Q: Some viral detection techniques involve a serological assay. This assay looks for the presence of…
A: The viruses are infectious agents, which are capable of infecting the cells and cause diseases. The…
Q: Simian Virus 40 is carcinogenic in primates. 1). which molecule of the virus 2). what particular…
A: Viruses come under the category of microorganisms (tiny creatures) that can be found in the…
Q: HIV requires an enzyme called ______________ to convert its RNA genome to a DNA version. Why is this…
A: Human Immunodeficiency Virus attacks the body’s immune system threatening life with opportunistic…
Q: Full depth explanation of How the Covid-19 virus make people significantly sick.
A: Covid 19 virus is a group of virus which is related in causing respiratory illness in humans.
Q: A person is infected with HIV. The individual is treated with several drugs, including…
A: Answer : The correct option would be It does not allow th viruses to make a dna copy of its…
Q: Select the correct statement about endogenous retroviruses. Take up to 8% of the human chromosomes O…
A: Retroviruses contain RNA as a part of their genome. Endogenous retroviruses in humans are an…
Q: This year, SARS-COV-2 strains have been reported to have mutated in the body of an immunocompromised…
A: There may be now clear evidence of altered antigenicity of SARS- CoV-2 spike protein and amino acid…
Q: Viruses can easily mutate exchange genetic material, mechanisms referred to as antigenic drift and…
A: Antigenic Drift - The virus changes genetically by accumulating mutations within the genes that code…
Q: One of the tests for coronavirus relies on reverse transcriptase. Explain how you might mass produce…
A: Reverse transcriptase (RT) is a DNA polymerase enzyme that converts single-stranded RNA to DNA. It…
Q: Prior to entry, the _________ glycoprotein of the HIV virus recognizes the ______ receptor on the…
A: Step 1 Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is a rounded enveloped retrovirus with a core having two…
Q: Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat infections caused by…
A: Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that converts an RNA template into complementary DNA.
Q: HIV has a high mutation rate due to the imprecise opera-tion of its:(a) Viral membrane(b) CD4…
A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is responsible for causing AIDS (acquired immune deficiency…
Q: Antigenic drift refers to: A.The reassortment of genomic segments from different viruses B.Cytotoxic…
A: The immune response or immune reaction is produced by the immune system against the antigen that…
Q: Just like the stars that give direction and hope to people is the coming of vaccines for Covid 19.…
A: Vaccines are the killed or weakened form of virus. When injected into a human, it activates the…
Q: Viruses are host-specific, meaning they can only infect specific types of host organisms. For…
A: Viruses are acellular organisms. They become active once they enter inside an organism and can…
Q: From: "Towards a universal flu vaccine" Researchers are trying to create a universal influenza…
A: Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses.
Q: 1.Are viruses living or non-living organisms?
A: Microbes are living beings that cannot be easily visualized by naked eyes. Examples of microbes are…
Q: The flu virus in flu vaccines is a dead virus. The term to describe the virus in this situation is…
A: Correct answer is B
Q: Retroviruses, like the HIV, contain an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. Explain the flow of…
A: Introduction: In retrovirus, RNA is used as genetic material. It uses the enzyme…
Q: One of the first and most important targets for drugs to fight infection with HIV (a retrovirus) is…
A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that contains single-strand RNA genome. It…
Q: The rabies virus is a negative strand single stranded RNA virus, simply referred to as (-) ssRNA.…
A: Rabies virus (Rabies lyssavirus in technical terms) is a neurotropic virus that causes rabies in…
Q: What is a virus? How do they differ from other infectious microorganisms? Make sure to explain each…
A: Virus are obligate parasites. These are basically DNA or rna molecules with a protein coat .
Q: hy does developing a HIV drug that targets viral envelope can lead to serious side effects
A: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that targets the immune system of the body. AIDS…
Q: mutation on HIV replicatication
A: Human immunodeficiency virus = HIV
Q: How virus vaccine, under immune system processes (via dendritic cells, T-Cells and B-Cells), can…
A: Viruses are infectious organisms that are neither considered living or nonliving due to the fact…
Q: Vaccines: Which vaccine below would you not give to a liver transplant recipeint? O attenuatued live…
A: Recipients of solid organ transplantation like liver transplantation are at risk of severe infection…
Q: When SARS-CoV-2 replicates, mistakes can be made in some copies of its genome, giving rise to…
A: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new coronavirus associated…
Q: The FluMist influenza A vaccine is an attenuated live virus which has been: A:Was generated through…
A: FluMist is a brand name of a vaccine. It's FDA-endorsed to assist with stopping flu (influenza)…
Q: Answer the question in below and explain your answer in details with examples. Explain 3 types of…
A: Vaccination is the administration of a vaccine to help the immune system establish immunity against…
Q: influenza A virus Hemagglutinin [Choose ] [Choose] COVID-19 pandemic coronavirus S protein sialic…
A: Influenza A virus on its surface contains two surface glycoproteins that are hemagglutinin (HA) and…
Q: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is considered an epidemic and can lead to lethal cancers. It…
A: HPV can evade minimization of antigen production during the vegetative virus lifecycle. In the early…
Q: A man was brought to the hospital showing "pneumonia"-like symptoms. They took the viral load and…
A: Retroviruses have special enzyme called as reverse transcriptase which translates its genetic…
Q: Many pharmaceutical companies are trying to produce vaccine against Corona virus (COVID-19) but they…
A: COVID-19 affects different people in different ways. Most common symptoms: fever dry cough…
Q: A number of retroviruses can infect certain human cells. List two of them, briefly describe the…
A: ANSWER: Retroviruses- A type of viruses that have RNA as their genetic material in place of DNA.…
Q: Please help explain this Vpr counteracts the LAPTM5 mediated degradation of HIV-1 Env
A: HIV-1 can infect few immune cell types yet essentially targets CD4+ T lymphocytes and macrophages.…
Q: Understanding how this virus works can help us defend ourselves against other deadly influenza…
A: Researches are done to have complete information about the viruses so that we develop new techniques…
Q: From: "Towards a universal flu vaccine" Researchers are trying to create a universal influenza…
A: The major surface glycoproteins or spike proteins of the influenza virus are hemagglutinin (HA), and…
Q: From: "Towards a universal flu vaccine" Each the flu vaccine includes antigens from two strains of…
A: A vaccine is a biological product that provides people with active acquired immunity to a specific…
Q: Please help explain this LAPTM5 Transport HIV-1 Env to the lysosome for degradation
A: Answer
Q: Briefly describe how the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) causes immunodeficiency…
A: The human immunodeficiency virus is an immune-based disease that directly destroys the immune…
Q: Which of the following is not a component of HIV?
A: Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are two Lentivirus (a retrovirus subgroup) species that infect…
Q: Many pharmaceutical companies are trying to produce vaccine against Corona virus (COVID-19) but they…
A: Covid 19 is the middle east respiratory syndrome caused by the corona virus. The Covid19 affects the…
Q: The image of the virus as shown below is part of the family of O ADENOVIRIDAE O CORONAVIRIDAE O…
A: Virus are basically non cellular entities consisting of one or molecules of either DNA or RNA closed…
Q: Both the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines are [ Select] vaccines, which means that they contain the…
A: mRNA vaccines instruct our cells on how to generate a protein using mRNA created in a lab, which is…
Q: Reverse transcriptase is an error prone DNA polymerase. Describe the role of reverse transcriptase…
A: Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that is involved in a process called Reverse Transcription. Here,…
Q: Viruses with reverse transcriptase enzyme can make a DNA copy out of its RNA genome. What…
A: Reverse transcriptase (RT) It is an enzyme through a single-stranded RNA transcribes into the DNA.…
A new vaccine is about to be launch anytime soon for HIV as prophylaxis using mRNA Moderna technology used in the development of Covid vaccine. If this will be successful , it will be a great breakthrough in the field of Pharmacology to help humanity fight this dreadful HIV virus. Give your thoughts about it.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- Answer the following and inlcude the references SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes CoVid-19, belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Viruses under this family have a genome made of single-stranded positive-sense RNA. Is this similar to the viral genome of HIV? If so, do you think that – in theory – they would have similar replication cycles? Do you think that ART combinations/options might help in suppressing the viral replication of SARS-CoV-2? Expound.What is the best option for the COVID-19 vaccine and why? State your reason with more than 500 wordsMany pharmaceutical companies are trying to produce vaccine against Corona virus (COVID-19) but they are facing problems to find an effective, safe and universal vaccine.
- A covid-19 vaccine is a biotechnology product intended to provide acquired immunity against coronavirus disease covid-19. As of december 2020, researchers are testing 59vaccines in clinical trials on humans and 16 have reached the final stages of testing. A covid vaccine developed by pfizer has been already approved for use in the uk and the first doses have been given to patients. vaccine typically require years of research and testing before reaching the clinic but in 2020, scientists embarked on a race to produce safe and effective coronavirus vaccine in record time. 1. companies developing vaccines,drugs and diagnostic for covid-19 for being forced to scale up manufacturing challenges to meet the enormous demand, what the manufacturing challenges to meet the covid-19 vaccine demand.Choose all the true statements regarding coronavirus proteins. Vaccine preventable diseases include COVID-19. For coronaviruses, it is more likely to find evolving mutations in the portion of the spike protein than the nucleocapsid protein. Mutations in the genetic code for the spike protein will produce 3D changes that are more likely to affect vaccine efficacy than changes to the nucleocapsid protein code. The nucleocapsid protein interacts with viral nucleic acid specifically whereas the spike protein interacts with the host protein non-specifically.answer doesn't have to be long i just need an explanation, thank you! The whole world right now is concerned (or they should be) about the appearance of new variants of SARS-CoV-2. Among other things, these variant viruses have mutations that change the amino acid sequence of the spike protein on the virus surface. While this is concerning, I would like to propose that there is a limit to how far these mutations can change the spike protein. Why can't there be an endless number of new mutations of this viral protein? How would these amino acid changes affect how the virus works?
- In no more than 2 paragraphs, explain what vaccines are and how they work. Also, explain how the Covid vaccines work (pick one - Moderna, Pfizer or J&J), possible side effects and whether or not people should be concerned with receiving the vaccine. Lastly, discuss the arguments of anti-vaxxers and whether you agree or disagree with them.The world is relieved and excited at the availability of vaccines against COVID-19 pandemic. a) Complete Table 1 on the comparison of two vaccines that are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Table 1 Comparison of the Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccine against COVID-19.Do we need Covid-19 vaccines or not? If yes then explain fully using biological reasons and words. I really need full depth explanation answer for this.
- Does the COVID-19 vaccine have long-term side effects? I need full depth explanation answer for this question. Please help me outPrior to the development of detection assay for HIV in the blood supply, HCV was used as a proxy. That is to say, any donated blood found to be contaminated with HBV or HCV was also assumed to be HIV positive as well. What do you think was the rationale behind the use of HCV as an indicator of HIV? Do you think this was a reasonable approach at the time?What protein is the target for most or all COVID-19 vaccines? the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase O the ORF 8 protein the spike protein myosin heavy chain the ACE2 receptor