Considering a treadmill test given to patients being tested for high blood pressure, male patients took their pulse rates before and after running for 5 min. Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Pulse before 64 100 81 60 92 81 61 81 81 68 Pulse after 68 111 84 68 101 92 72 88 80 92   Using a 0.05 significance level, perform the 8-step hypothesis test to test the claim that the mean difference between the pulse rates before and after the run is significantly zero. Based on the result, do the male pulse rates taken before and after running appear to be about the same or not?

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...