Consider the following reaction sequence for the synthesis of Ibuprofen: CO₂Et 1) NaOEt A 2) (EtO)₂C=O 1) NaOEt 2) CH3l B H3O+ Δ .CO,H Ibuprofen 2.1 Propose a reaction mechanism for the formation of intermediate A. 2.2 Propose a reaction mechanism for the formation of intermediate B.
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- 9. Phosphotyrosine (shown below) has four ionizable functional groups (pK1 = 2.5, pKR1 = 2.1, pKr2 = 7.2, pK2 = 9.5). (a) Write the equilibrium equation for its four ionization forms and assign the proper pka for each ionization. DRAW the structure of phosphotyrosine in each ionization state. What is the net charge on the phosphotyrosine molecule in each ionization state? *H3N. pk2 - 9.5 .COOH pK, - 2.5 O=P-OH pKRI - 2.1 ÖH pKRI - 7.2 (b) Draw the titration curve of phosphorotyrosine and indicate each pKa and the isoelectric point (pl), indicate the molar equivalents of OH on the x-axis.Rimantadine was among the first antiviral drugs to be licensed in the United States to use against the influenza A virus and to treat established illnesses. It is synthesized from adamantane by the following sequence: CH₂=CHBr AlBr3 (2) Adamantane =D₂.-6. (3) -Br Br (4) Ø Br₂ (1) a Step 2 proceeds via the following mechanism: 1-bromoadamantane (5) Br SnF ChemDoodle Rimantadine 1. AlBr, acts as a Lewis acid to yield carbocation 1; 2. Bromoethene acts as a nucleophile to give carbocation 2; 3. Carbocation 2 reacts with nucleophile 3 to give the product of reaction 2. Work out this mechanism on a separate sheet of paper and then draw the structure of nucleophile 3. NH₂ ==starting points == ✔The standard free energy of hydrolysis, DG of some compounds are given below: Compound DG (kcal/mole) Compound A-P (APA + P₁) -5.7 Compound B-P (BPB+ P₁) -10.3 Compound C-P (CPC + P₁) -7.5 Compound D-P (DPD + P₁) -4.6 Compound E-P (EP-E + P₁) -6.1 Which of the following reactions will occur spontaneously? B+ CP C+ BP CP+E EP + C O AP+C CP+ A EP+BE+ BP O
- Given the Ka values (in parentheses) for the following acids: HSO4– (Ka= 1.2 x 10–2); HNO2 (Ka= 4.0 x 10–4); HC2H3O2 (Ka= 1.8 x 10–5); Calculate Kc values for the following acid-base equilibria: (a) HSO4–(aq) + C2H3O2–(aq) ⇌ HC2H3O2(aq) + SO42–(aq) (b) HC2H3O2(aq) + NO2–(aq) ⇌ HNO2(aq)+ C2H3O2–(aq)A scientist wants to look into the kinetics of the degradation of atrazine (A). There are 2 ways for degradation to occur. First, dealkylation to develop deisopropylatrazine (B) and deethylatrazine (C) with a kinetic constant of k1. Second, hydrolysis to create hydroxyatrazine (D) and N-isopropylammelide (E) with a kinetic constant k2. For all the mentioned species, derive their concentration profiles as a function of time when a batch reactor is utilized.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly prescribed antidepressants. SSRIs block the reabsorption of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. Changing the balance of serotonin helps brain cells send and receive chemical messages, which in turn boosts mood. Two SSRI medications are Faverin (fluvoxamine, C15H21F3N2O2 ) and Zoloft (sertraline, C17H17Cl2N ). Determine the molar masses of Faverin and Zoloft
- Draw the product of the following Lewis acid-base reaction. Discuss whether the product will retain its monomeric form or if it will dimerise and why. (c) Ph Toluene AICI CHO Phchloroformic acid used to prepare mixed carboxylic acid anhydrides used in peptide synthesis; Ka = 0.54 bromoacetic acid and its esters are widely used in pharmaceutical chemistry; Ka = 0.0014The glycerol carbonylation reaction with CO₂ to produce glycerol carbonate (Figure 1) is thermodynamically hindered due to several reasons including the presence of water as a by-product and the stability of CO2 as a co-reactant. Discuss the possible approach to overcome the issues and be able to produce a higher yield of targeted glycerol carbonate. 0 OH 0 Cat. A HO LOH + CO₂ + H₂O HO. Figure 1
- 1. (4) Complete the reaction and show the mechanism Br (CH3)2NH (xs)n-Pentanol (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH) and 2-methylbutan-2-ol (CH3CH2C(CH3)2OH) are converted to their corresponding alkyl chorides on being reacted with hydrogen chloride. (a) Write out an equation for each reaction (b) Assign each the appropriate symbol (SN1 or SN2) (c) Write a suitable mechanism for each reactionCompound D, shown below, reacts with hydrogen bromide by electrophilic addition. A mixture of two organic compounds, E and F, is formed. CH3 CH₂CH₂ CH3 H compound D HBr Mixture of organic compounds E and F (i) Name the the two organic compounds E and F and show their condensed formula. (ii) Briefly explain the mechanism of the reaction between compound D and hydrogen bromide to form either compound E or compound F. (You can list/state the main steps) (iii) Which compound, E or F is the major product?