Chapter 16: Understanding Consumer Behavior Question: Keynes argued that marginal propensity to consume is constant and the average propensity to consume declines as income rises. Kuznets, however, showed that as income rises the average propensity to consume remains constant: O a. rises / remains constant / declines Ob. rises / remains constant / rises *OCis constant / rises / remains constant O d. is constant / rises / rises Oe. Is constant / declines/ remains constant
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- On a microeconomic demand curve, a decrease in price causes an increase in quantity demanded because the product in question is now relatively less expensive thansubstituteproducts.Explainwhyaggregatedemand does not increase for the same reason in response to a decrease in the aggregate price level. In other words, whatcausestotalspendingtoincreaseifitisnotbecause goods are now cheaper?The following graph represents an economy. Initially, they produced an aggregate output of $6,000 until they decreased consumption by $500. If price levels did not change, output would have fallen to $5,100. However, prices decreased because of the decrease in consumption, so output only fell to $5,400. Aggregat e Price SRAS 100 97 ADo AD Aggregat 5,10 5.40 6,00 e Outout a. Calculate the simple Keynesian multiplier if the price levels had not changed. Round the answer to the nearest two decimal points. b. Calculate the actual spending multiplier after the prices decreased. Round the answer to the nearest two decimal points.In January 2017, a report from the National Retail Federation said that “Holiday retail sales during November and December increased 4 percent over 2015 to $658.3 billion.” The NRF’s chief economist “noted that average hourly earnings were up in 2016 over 2015 … home values have also increased and the rising stock market has increased the value of consumers’ investments.” Which models of consumption behavior was the economist referring to? Precautionary savings model and Friedman’s permanent income model Keynesian consumption model and Modigliani’s life cycle model. Inventory cycle model and Modigliani’s life cycle model. Keynesian consumption model and precautionary savings model.
- Suppose you have the following disposable income and consumption data for a country, as shown in the table below Disposable income and Consumption BENp e e (dllar 13,000 227,000 3,400 E4,300 1,000 AUsing the information in the table, graph the consumption schedule for this country Instructions Use the tool provided C' to plot the consumption line polnt by point points total. Use the tool Equnibrium to indicate where consumption equals disposable income. Consumption Schedule Conumption (dollarn) 21.000 lave 27000 26000 25000 24.000 23,000 22,000 21000 20,000 20,000 22000 26.000 24.000 28,000 Disposable income (dollars) &What is the stope of the consumpton schedule? Instructions Round your answer to 1 decimal placeWe found that for every $1 increase in G there is a multiplied impact on output with, in the most 1 basic model, a multiplier of A study by economists at the New York Fed conducted 1- MPC during the COVID-19 recession found that "as of the end of June 2020, a relatively small share of stimulus payments-ljust] 29 percent-was used for consumption." What is the G multiplier based on that estimated MPC and the formula from the basic model?Explain why the neoclassical economists believethat the government does not need to do much aboutunemployment. Do you agree or disagree? Explain.
- 1f the Consumption funchon, espressedas C=30+0,7Yd, chayes to C=20+028Yd. which of the fellowing will accaur? OThe Cansumption function Shifts.doon in. Parallel. 6 its slope Anckeases as the Consumpion functionmaes up O Hs Slape ockeases as the Sausing function. slides up its Slope 1wereases as the Consumption function. slides dacana O it sope deExeAses as the Saurisq function. sltdes down. the SautingAssume in a simple economy that the level of saving is –500 whenaggregate output equals zero and that the marginal propensity tosave is 0.2. Derive the saving function and the consumption func-tion, and draw a graph showing these functions. At what level ofaggregate output does the consumption curve cross the 45° line?Explain your answer and show this on the graph."H0w w0uld y0u define price stickiness ? H0w d0es this phen0men0n lead t0 an increase in the sh0rt run level 0f 0utput acc0rding t0 the Keynesians?" C0mment in simple w0rds
- "H0w w0uld y0u define price stickiness ? H0w d0es this phen0men0n lead t0 an increase in the sh0rt run level 0f 0utput acc0rding t0 the Keynesians?" C0mmentBriefly explain that policy measures is one of the factor that effect consumer prices during covid 19The neoclassical consumption model, a retirement perspective: Consider thespecial case solved in the text where ! = 1 and utility takes the log form.Suppose the real interest rate is 5 percent. Let’s give this consumer a fnancial profle that might look like that of a middle-aged college professor contem-plating retirement: initial assets are ftoday = $50,000, and the path for labor income is ytoday = $100,000 and yfuture = $10,000.(a) What is the individual’s human wealth? Total wealth?