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Master Budget
A master budget can be defined as an estimation of the revenue earned or expenses incurred over a specified period of time in the future and it is generally prepared on a periodic basis which can be either monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually. It helps a business, an organization, or even an individual to manage the money effectively. A budget also helps in monitoring the performance of the people in the organization and helps in better decision-making.
Sales Budget and Selling
A budget is a financial plan designed by an undertaking for a definite period in future which acts as a major contributor towards enhancing the financial success of the business undertaking. The budget generally takes into account both current and future income and expenses.
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- A flexible budget______. A. predicts estimated revenues and costs at varying levels of production B. gives actual figures for selling price C. gives actual figures for variable and fixed overhead D. is not used in overhead variance calculationsThe sales budget is based on assumptions about the ______? A. No. of units to be sold and selling price per unit. B. Timing of cash receipts C. Contribution margin per unit and the number of units to be sold D. Costs of the unit produced and the total fixed costsWhat is a standard cost? Group of answer choices The total number of units times the budgeted amount expected Any amount that appears on a budget The total amount that appears on the budget for product costs The amount management thinks should be incurred to produce a good or service
- 25. A standard cost Multiple Choice a)is the average cost within an industry b)is useful in calculating equivalent units c)is a budget for the production of one unit of a product d)incorporates the opportunity cost of a unit of production e)shows the actual cost from previous yearsWhat is a cost whose total amount changes in direct proportion to a change in volume? mixed cost fixed cost irrelevant cost variable cost 2. Which of the following costs is an example of a fixed cost? delivery costs salary of plant manager direct materials sales commissions 3. If production increases by 15%, how will total variable costs likely react? remain the same decrease by 15% increase by 7.5% increase by 15% 4. Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to fixed costs per unit? They will increase as production decreases They will decrease as production decreases They will remain the same as production levels change They will increase as production increases 5. Canine Company produces and sells dog treats for discriminating pet owners. The unit selling price is $10, unit variable costs are $7, and total fixed costs are $3,300. What are breakeven sales? $11,000 $4,714 $3,300 $7,700 6. Fixed Company produces a single product selling for $30 per unit. Variable costs…3)Some cost information of the enterprise, which calculates its costs according to the Standard Cost Method, is as follows.Total Budgeted Fixed General Production Expenses = 2.000.-₺Unit Budgeted Variable General Production Expense = 1,10.-₺/brTotal Actual Direct Labor Hours = 1.500 DİSTotal Standard Direct Labor Hours = 1.300 DISRequested: Calculate the “Efficiency Difference of General Production Costs”. A. 120.-₺ positiveB. 320.-₺ negativeC. 120.-₺ negativeD. 320.-₺ positiveE. 220.-₺ negativeF. 220.-₺ positive
- Determine the missing amounts. Unit Selling Price Unit Variable Costs Unit Contribution Margin Contribution Margin Ratio 1. $300 $165 A. B. 2. $600 C. $150 D. 3. E. F. $440 40%Data Year 2 Quarter Year 3 Quarter 1 2 3 4 1 2 Budgeted unit sales 40,000 60,000 100,000 50,000 70,000 80,000 • Selling price per unit • Accounts receivable, beginning balance • Sales collected in the quarter sales are made • Sales collected in the quarter after sales are made • Desired ending finished goods inventory is • Finished goods inventory, beginning • Raw materials required to produce one unit • Desired ending inventory of raw materials is • Raw materials inventory, beginning • Raw material costs • Raw materials purchases are paid and • Accounts payable for raw materials, beginning balance $12 per unit $65,000 75% 25% 30% of the budgeted unit sales of the next quarter 12,000 units 5 pounds 10% of the next quarter's production needs 23,000 pounds $0.80 per pound 60% in the quarter the purchases are made 40% in the quarter following purchase $81,500 •Direct labor cost per hour •Direct labor hour per unit $15 per hour 0.2 hour per unit $2 per hour $60,000 •Variable MOH rate…Given the output (quantity), total fíxed cost and total cost (in RO) in the following table:- Ouantity Total Fixed Total Variable Total Cost Marginal Average Average Total Cost Cost тC Cost Variable Cost Cost TFC TVC MC AVC AC 10 10 10 20 10 28 3 10 34 10 38 5 10 42 10 48 10 56 10 72 Calculate Total Variable cost (TVC) , Average variable cost (AVC), Average cost (AC) and marginal cost (MC) (show your work) Draw only the Average variable cost (AVC) and Marginal Cost (MC) curves. 2.
- 1. Statement 1: A budgeted cost for one unit of product may not always be the standard cost of said product. Statement 2: Standard cost maybe described as benchmarks used to evaluate performance. a. both are true b. both are false c. Statement 1 is true d. Statement 2 is true 2. Standard costs differ from budgeted costs in that standard costs are: a. always expressed in total amounts while budgeted costs are in per unit amounts b. costs incurred for actual production while budgeted costs are that should have been incurred for production c. costs that have been incurred for actual production while budgeted costs are costs that should be incurred for planned production d. based on engineering studies while budgeted costs are based on historical dataBreak-Even Sales Under Present and Proposed Conditions Portmann Company, operating at full capacity, sold 1,000,000 units at a price of $190 per unit during the current year. Its income statement is as follows: Sales $190,000,000 Cost of goods sold (102,000,000) Gross profit $88,000,000 Expenses: Selling expenses $15,000,000 Administrative expenses 14,700,000 Total expenses (29,700,000) Operating income $58,300,000 The division of costs between variable and fixed is as follows: Variable Fixed Cost of goods sold 70% 30% Selling expenses 75% 25% Administrative 50% 50% expenses Management is considering a plant expansion program for the following year that will permit an increase of $13,300,000 in yearly sales. The expansion will increase fixed costs by $4,500,000 but will not affect the relationship between sales and variable costs. Required:1.What is a cost whose total amount changes in direct proportion to a change in volume? mixed cost fixed cost irrelevant cost variable cost 2. Which of the following costs is an example of a fixed cost? delivery costs salary of plant manager direct materials sales commissions 3. If production increases by 15%, how will total variable costs likely react? remain the same decrease by 15% increase by 7.5% increase by 15% 4. Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to fixed costs per unit? They will increase as production decreases They will decrease as production decreases They will remain the same as production levels change They will increase as production increases 5. Canine Company produces and sells dog treats for discriminating pet owners. The unit selling price is $10, unit variable costs are $7, and total fixed costs are $3,300. What are breakeven sales? $11,000 $4,714 $3,300 $7,700 6. Fixed Company produces a single product selling for $30 per unit. Variable costs…