Appalachian Coal Mining believes that it can increase labor productivity and, therefore, net revenue by reducing air pollution in its mines. It estimates that the marginal cost function for reducing pollution by installing additional capital equipment is MC = 40P where P represents a reduction of one unit of pollution in the mines. It also feels that for every unit of pollution reduction, the marginal increase in revenue (MR) is MR = 1,000 - 10P How much pollution reduction should Appalachian Coal Mining undertake?
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Appalachian Coal Mining believes that it can increase labor productivity and, therefore, net revenue by reducing air pollution in its mines. It estimates that the marginal cost function for reducing pollution by installing additional capital equipment is
MC = 40P
where P represents a reduction of one unit of pollution in the mines. It also feels that for every unit of pollution reduction, the marginal increase in revenue (MR) is
MR = 1,000 - 10P
How much pollution reduction should Appalachian Coal Mining undertake?
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- Economists sometimes shock noneconomists by stating that they do not favor the complete elimination of pollution. Explain the rationale for this position.. Appalachian Coal Mining believes that it can increase labor productivity and, therefore, net revenue by reducing air pollution in its mines. It estimates that the marginal cost function for reducing pollution by installing additional capital equipment is MC=40P Where P represents a reduction of one unit of pollution in the mines. It also feels that for every unit of pollution reduction the marginal increase in revenue (MR) is MR=1000-10P How much pollution reduction should Appalachian Coal Mining undertake?Imagine a firm’s marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is: MAC = 100 – 2E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, its marginal abatement cost function will be: MAC = 50 – E. If the government raises the tax on emissions from $4 to $12, the benefits of adopting the new technologies increase by $____
- Imagine a firm's marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is: MAC = 20 E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, its marginal abatement cost function will be: MAC = 100.5E. The adoption costs for the new technology are $4. If the government raises the tax on emissions from $2 to $4, the firm's total costs increase by $ HINT: Total costs include tax payments, total abatement costs, and (if relevant) adoption costs for the new technology. Question 14Select one: a. $20. b. $ 24. c. $10. d. $30.The figure below shows the marginal benefit (demand) of polluting for two firms: Alpha and Beta. Before the introduction of a pollution tax, pollution is free, that is, MC = $0 per ton of emissions. Marginal Benefit (MB) to Firm Tax = $100 0 MB BETA MBALPHA 25 50 75 100 Emissions (tons) The government decides to impose a tax on pollution of $100 per ton of emissions. That is, the per-unit the tax is the marginal cost of polluting. Which of the follow are true? (Select all that are true.) a. As a result of the tax, the total emissions will decrease by 50 units b. The tax was intended to decrease production by 50 units for each firm. c. As a result of the tax, both firms will decrease emissions by the same amount d. After the tax is imposed, Firm Beta will emit 50 tons more pollution than Firm Alpha e. Before the tax is imposed, Firm Beta emitted more pollution than Firm Alpha f. As a result of the tax, total emissions from the two firms will be cut in half g. The amount of tax collected…Firm A currently dumps 223 tons of chemicals into the local river. Firm B currently dumps 192 tons of chemicals into the local river. The government has decided to reduce the pollution and from now on will require a pollution permit for each ton of pollution dumped into the river. The government gives each firm 10 pollution permits. The abatement costs of one ton of pollution is $173 for Firm A and $76 for Firm B. What would be the total cost of reducing pollution, if the firms are allowed to trade permits between each other?
- Imagine a firm’s marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is: MAC = 18 – 2E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, its marginal abatement cost function will be: MAC = 9 – E. With a tax on emissions of $4, the benefits of adopting the new technologies are $____Appalachian Coal Mining believes that it can increase labor productivity and, therefore, net revenue by reducing air pollution in its mines. It estimates that the marginal cost function for reducing pollution by installing additional capital equipment is MC = 40P where P represents a reduction of one unit of pollution in the mines. It also feels that for every unit of pollution reduction, the marginal increase in revenue (MR) is MR = 1,000 - 10P How much pollution reduction should Appalachian Coal Mining undertake? Please provide the correct answer. Thank you!Imagine a firm's marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is: MAC = 30 – 2E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, its marginal abatement cost function will be: MAC = 15 – E. With a tax on emissions of $6, the benefits of adopting the new technologies are $_ Answer:
- QA and QS are the pollution levels for Arrow and Solow Industries, respectively. Profits (benefits) associatedwith polluting activity, πi(i = A, S) are πA=10QA−0.5QA2 and πS=20QS−QS2. The marginal benefits (profits) for each firm are MBA=10−QA and MBS=20−2QS. 2.9 Suppose Arrow is located in a remote rural area, with very low pollution levels (marginal damage = 6), while Solow is located in an urban area, with other pollution sources and many more people exposed (marginal damage = 12). What is the efficient pollution allocation in this case? Note: question puts us back in the world of economic efficiency (i.e., where we maximize net social benefit) as opposed to the world of cost- efficiency where we minimize costs associated with reaching an environmental target. So here net benefit is equal to Benefits from pollution minus Pollution Damages. Since locations are not interdependent, you can find the pollution levels which maximize net social benefits from A’s pollution and then…Assume the firm has historical emissions of 10 units of carbon and the government regulator gives the firm 7 permits to pollute. Each permit allows 1 unit of pollution.There are two towns, A and B, each with a plant emitting pollution. The emission from plant Ais uniformly distributed across both town A and B. The emissions from plant B are local to town B. Despite the difference in affected area, the marginal benefit to either town of abating one unit of pollution from either source is the same, MB(Qi) = 17 − Qi per person, where Qi is total emissions abated from town i’s air. The marginal cost of abatement at plants A and B are MCA(qA) = 200qA and MCB(qB) = 100qB, respectively. If town A has 300 citizens and town B has 200, what is the efficient tax to set at each plant?