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Q: glucose + oxygen ----> carbon dioxide + ATP
A: In the above question , it majorly explains the equation where glucose and oxygen form a chemical…
Q: ATP releases energy.
A: ATP hydrolysis : It is a catabolic reaction in which chemical energy that is stored in the P-O or…
Q: difference between a spontaneous reaction and one that occurs instantaneously, and what causes this…
A: A thermodynamic system is a quantity of matter of fixed identity. The space outside the…
Q: Glucose entry into Brush Border cells
A: When food is digested in the stomach, the carbohydrate (sugars and starches) in the food is broken…
Q: The process by which ATP is generated by chemiosmosis.
A: Peter Mitchell proposed the chemiosmotic hypothesis. During the dark reaction, the ATP and NADH2…
Q: Breakdown of glycogen to release glucose.
A: Introduction: Multibranched polysaccharide glycogen is a form of glucose that is stored in animals,…
Q: How ATP drives chemical work: Energy coupling using ATP hydrolysis.
A: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an energy carrying molecule found in the cells of all living things.…
Q: an electron-donating substituent in the diene
A: Introduction Electron donating groups or substituents of diene includes -CH3, -NH2, - SiH3, and…
Q: Glycogen that is stored in skeletal muscle cells
A: EXPLANATION Glycogen is the primary energy substrate during exercise. When the glycogen stores are…
Q: Expain electron transport system.
A: The electron transport system is the stage in cellular respiration in which oxidative…
Q: Glycolic pathway
A: Introduction: Metabolic pathways are the series of chemical reactions that occur within the living…
Q: To describe: The first and second laws of thermodynamics and also how they apply to living…
A: Introduction: The organisms that inhabit the cosmos are governed by physical rules. They help in…
Q: Erythrocytes are the only cells of the body that use glycolysis for ATP production. Why?
A: Glycolysis is the process of glycolytic enzymes splitting glucose molecules to produce ATP for…
Q: At which steps of Respiration and how many ATPs are synthesized in Substrate level and oxidative…
A: Respiration is a metabolic process,in which free energy released from the oxidation of organic…
Q: Enzyme involved in the second step of ketogenesis
A: Ketogenesis is the formation of ketone bodies (β-Hydroxybutyrate and acetone) from acetyl-CoA.
Q: Pyruvate kinase, a glycolysis enzyme
A:
Q: To explain: Why at anaerobic conditions the consumption of glucose by cells is high and at aerobic…
A: Metabolism refers to the collection of hundreds of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that the organism uses…
Q: Source of ATP in anaerobic conditions.
A: Anaerobic conditions occur when the uptake or disappearance of oxygen is greater than its production…
Q: ATP hydrolysis:
A:
Q: mechanistic interaction between electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation to produce…
A: During muscle contraction, energy is required in the form of ATP. There are two forms through which…
Q: basal metabolic rate and standard metabolic rate.
A:
Q: An oxidative process that releases energy.
A: The oxidation-reduction reaction is also called the Redox reaction. This reaction involves the…
Q: metabolism of vitamin A in a power point slide
A: Vitamins Vitamins are the nutrients that are required in small amounts in a balanced diet.…
Q: explain the process
A: The above image depicts the Photosynthesis process (photosystem 2) and cellular respiration. The…
Q: Location where Glycolysis takes place
A: Cellular respiration is the process of oxidation of glucose to release energy in form of ATP. It can…
Q: The difference between total metabolic rate and specific metabolic rate.
A: Metabolism is defined as the entire quantity of biochemical events that occur in an organism's cells…
Q: citric acid cycle, electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
A: As you have not mentioned whether you want mechanisms and reactions involved in the citric acid…
Q: When you are exercisirig, activity. Explain how/why adjusting your breathing rate helps to prevent…
A: Breathing: The process of exchanging gases with in environment by inhaling oxygen and exhaling…
Q: the chemical equation for cellular respiration
A: Answer: Cellular respiration is the conversion process that is initiated in the cytoplasm and…
Q: cellular respiration: krebs cycle mind map
A: Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of…
Q: .How much energy is released from glucose when oxidized
A: Because complete oxidation of 1 gram-molecule of glucose releases 686,000 calories of energy and…
Q: how many ATPS are produced during one molecule of palmitic acid!
A: Palmitic acid ( 16-carbon) is a saturated fatty acid found in the human body and can be provided in…
Q: how ATP synthase functions
A: The study of chemical reactions that occurs within living organisms is called biochemistry. This…
Q: True or False: The hydrogen ions travel across the ATP synthase which makes glucose. True False
A:
Q: the production of ATP in glycolysis via
A: Glycolysis is an important metabolic pathway through which the cells meet energy demands primarily.…
Q: The Krebs cycle and why enzymes are not needed to power it and how enzymes can be affected by…
A: The Krebs cycle is also known as the citric acid cycle. It is a chain of chemical reactions. It…
Q: A two-step pathway that is activated by the secretion of glucagon and adrenaline
A: Glucagon and adrenalin, both induce an increase in hepatic glucose levels. However the mechanism of…
Q: metabolic pathway of glucose
A: Metabolic pathways is a series of biochemical reaction which comprises catabolic and anabolic…
Q: differences: ATP and ADP, draw and explain
A: Organic molecules are chemical compounds with a complicated structure. Organic molecules are usually…
Q: depletion of NAD+
A: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD) is a coenzyme central for metabolism. NAD is also called…
Q: Concerning glycolysis:
A: Organisms, in order to prevent loss of energy that may happen during the process of respiration,…
Q: Cellular respiration
A: A. Glycolysis will still occur and pyruvate will undergo alcohol fermentation, but the Krebs cycle…
Q: When ATP is formed:
A:
Q: B Oxidative phosphorylation
A: oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration. Oxidative phosphorylation is the fourth step of…
Q: Full meaning of ATP
A: There are different biomolecules present in a cell that serve important roles in cellular…
Q: NAD+ ____ when it gains a/an ____.
A: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide exists in two forms, those are oxidized from (NAD+) and reduced…
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- In the first step of the aldolase reaction, an active site Lys229 residue, with its side chain amino group in the deprotonated state, acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl C2 carbon of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to form a Schiff base (boxed in the scheme). Since the pKa of the Lys side chain amino group in free solution is ~10.5, the pKa of Lys229 side chain must have been perturbed to a (higher lower) value for the enzyme to be active at neutral pH. the answer should include sufficient details, including the definition of pKa.16. The overall reaction for the glycolysis reaction is C6H₁2O6(aq) + 2NAD+ (aq) + 2ADP³(aq) + 2HPO(aq) + 2H₂O(1) 2CH3COCO₂ (aq) + 2NADH(aq) + 2ATP4 (aq) + 2H3O+ (aq). What is A,G at chemical equilibrium?From the complete oxidation of glucose (glucose → 6CO2), how many total nucleotide triphosphates are yielded (be sure to deduct payback) as part of substrate level phosphorylation?
- In serine protease catalytic triad mechanism, the first and second products that leaves the active site are Carboxylic acid and amide respectively Amide and carboxylic acid respectively Ester and amide respectively Carboxylic acid and ester respectivelyFrom the complete oxidation of glucose (glucose 6CO2), how many total nucleotide triphosphates are yielded (be sure to deduct payback) as part of substrate level phosphorylation?Will the amount of glycogen be higher or lower than normal or unchanged? Pyridoxal phosphate is covalently bonded to glycogen phosphorylase via a Schiff base to Lys 680. What effect would the mutation of Lys680Ala have on the breakdown of glycogen?(This notation means the following: K680 is the normal amino acid in this enzyme. It has been mutated to 680A.) Loss of the gene for the kinase that phosphorylates GSK3 on glycogen synthesis. Effect of the substrate analog below on glycogen synthesis.
- Explain the basis for the following statement. For efficient conver- sion of galactose to glucose-1-phosphate, UDP-glucose need be present in catalytic amounts only.5. Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) is an important enzyme regulating insulin signaling be- cause it catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphorylated tyrosine residues on the insulin receptor and on insulin receptor substrates, proteins of approximately 200,000 molecular weight that serve as cell sig- naling intermediates. The reaction has been shown to adhere to the following mechanism in the scheme below: k3 E-P 2- E + AROPO, НОРО,* 2- E • AROPO, ArОH where ArOPO32- represents the phosphorylated aromatic group. (a) (. ) With p-nitrophenyl-phosphate (PNPP), a syn- thetic organic substrate under conditions [So] >> Eo], the traces illustrated in the diagram to the right were obtained whereby the optical density at 410 nm monitors the release of the p-nitrophenolate anion (see reaction scheme above) upon cleavage of the ArOPO32- substrate. What is this phe- nomenon called? What information does this observation 0.14 0.12 [PTP1]=0.054 mM 0.1 0.08 0.06 [PTP1]=0.027 mM 0.04 provide about…Why Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF, shown in Fig.) does not inhibit aspartate protease as potent as serine protease?
- Shown below is a substrate for a Trypsin. Draw the mechanism for this serine protease using the artificial substrate. Be sure to draw the catalytic triad, and show the role of the oxyanion hole. Draw the complete structure of every intermediate and product and PUSH ARROWS!!!!! Do not abbreviate structures using R and R' H₂N _N_CH. сно CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ NH d=19H₂ NH₂ O CH- H₂C HN O CH#1 Specify the role each of the following amino acids play within the crystal structure and/or active site for Be as specific as possible, with pictures (and mechanistic arrows) as necessary. His11 Arg140 Glu89 Trp68 #2 Provide a step-wise mechanism for the reaction Bisphosphoglycerate mutase catalyzes, using the amino acids responsible for aiding in catalysis. You do not need to add surrounding amino acids that aid in substrate specificity. (drawn out)A solution of [U 14C] glucose-1-phosphate (specific activity = 16,000 cpm/mmole) was incubated with glycogen and glycogen phosphorylase, an enzyme which adds glucose units on to glycogen. Radioactivity was incorporated into the glycogen primer at a rate = 2550 cpm/min. The rate of the enzymatic reaction in units of mmole glucose incorporated per minute is: (a) 0.016 mmol/min (b) 0.57 mmol/min (c) 0.16 mmol/min (d) 5.7 mmol/min