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A = all of the dominant alleles for a particular trait in a specific population; a = all of the recessive alleles for a particular trait in a specific population In the following equations "A" is represented by "p" "a" is represented by "q" Hardy Weinberg equations: p+q=1.0 (100% of the alleles for this trait in the population) Explanation of terminology: px p=p² 2xpxq=2pq qxq=q² p² + 2pq+q²= 1.0 (Don't panic! You can do this!) Allele distributions in Generation 1: 36 homozygous dominant individuals 13 heterozygous individuals 1 homozygous recessive individual There are 50 individuals in this particular population. We want to see if allele distributions change from generation to generation. We will use the Hardy Weinberg equations to find out. Due to migration and random mating of the parent generation, the percentage of homozygous recessive genotypes in Generation 2 offspring increases, changing_"a" to 40%, so a = 40 If "a" = .40, and "a"=q, then q = How many of these 50 offspring are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive? Formula: Translation: Substitute numbers: Work out numbers: Remember that p + q = 1.0 If q = ,then p must = " p² = 2pq= q² p² + 2pq+q² = 1.0 (100%) (pxp) + (2xpxq) + (qxq) = 1.0 (100%) (x) + (2x x ) + ( x ) = 1.0 (100%) + + (p) (2pq) = 1.0 (100%) (9²) % x 50 people in the population % x 50 people in the population % x 50 people in the population = = homozygous dominant people (AA) heterozygous people (Aa) homozygous recessive people (aa) Compare the allele distribution in Generation 1 with the allele distribution in Generation 2 (above). Has microevolution occurred? How do you know?

A = all of the dominant alleles for a particular trait in a specific population; a = all of the recessive alleles for a particular trait in a specific population In the following equations "A" is represented by "p" "a" is represented by "q" Hardy Weinberg equations: p+q=1.0 (100% of the alleles for this trait in the population) Explanation of terminology: px p=p² 2xpxq=2pq qxq=q² p² + 2pq+q²= 1.0 (Don't panic! You can do this!) Allele distributions in Generation 1: 36 homozygous dominant individuals 13 heterozygous individuals 1 homozygous recessive individual There are 50 individuals in this particular population. We want to see if allele distributions change from generation to generation. We will use the Hardy Weinberg equations to find out. Due to migration and random mating of the parent generation, the percentage of homozygous recessive genotypes in Generation 2 offspring increases, changing_"a" to 40%, so a = 40 If "a" = .40, and "a"=q, then q = How many of these 50 offspring are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive? Formula: Translation: Substitute numbers: Work out numbers: Remember that p + q = 1.0 If q = ,then p must = " p² = 2pq= q² p² + 2pq+q² = 1.0 (100%) (pxp) + (2xpxq) + (qxq) = 1.0 (100%) (x) + (2x x ) + ( x ) = 1.0 (100%) + + (p) (2pq) = 1.0 (100%) (9²) % x 50 people in the population % x 50 people in the population % x 50 people in the population = = homozygous dominant people (AA) heterozygous people (Aa) homozygous recessive people (aa) Compare the allele distribution in Generation 1 with the allele distribution in Generation 2 (above). Has microevolution occurred? How do you know?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Michael Cummings
Chapter19: Population Genetics And Human Evolution
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 9QP: Using the HardyWeinberg Law in Human Genetics Suppose you are monitoring the allelic and genotypic...
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1₁ F3 8 A = all of the dominant alleles for a particular trait in a specific population; a = all of the recessive alleles for a particular trait in a specific population In the following equations "A" is represented by "p" "a" is represented by "q" Hardy Weinberg equations: Allele distributions in Generation 1: 36 homozygous dominant individuals 13 heterozygous individuals 1 homozygous recessive individual Explanation of terminology: px p=p² There are 50 individuals in this particular population. We want to see if allele distributions change from generation to generation. We will use the Hardy Weinberg equations to find out. Due to migration and random mating of the parent generation, the percentage of homozygous recessive genotypes in Generation 2 offspring increases, changing_"a" to 40%, so a = 40 If "a" = .40, and "a"=q, then q = $ Remember that p + q = 1.0 If q, then p must = How many of these 50 offspring are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive? p² + 2pq+q²= 1.0 (100%) Formula: Translation: (pxp) + (2xpxq) + (qxq) = 1.0 (100%) Substitute numbers: (x) + (2x) + ( x ) = 1.0 (100%) Work out numbers: p² = 2pq= q² = p+q=1.0 (100% of the alleles for this trait in the population) 2xpxq=2pq qxq=q² p²+2pq+q 1.0 (Don't panic! You can do this!) F4 - DII Compare the allele distribution in Generation 1 with the allele distribution in Generation 2 (above). Has microevolution occurred? How do you know? % + + = 1.0 (100%) (p²) (2pq) (9²) % x 50 people in the population = % x 50 people in the population = % x 50 people in the population = F5 OL Der ☀ < F6 * F7 homozygous dominant people (AA) heterozygous people (Aa) homozygous recessive people (aa) & PrtScn F8 D Home F9 End F10 PgUp F11 PgD
Transcribed Image Text:1₁ F3 8 A = all of the dominant alleles for a particular trait in a specific population; a = all of the recessive alleles for a particular trait in a specific population In the following equations "A" is represented by "p" "a" is represented by "q" Hardy Weinberg equations: Allele distributions in Generation 1: 36 homozygous dominant individuals 13 heterozygous individuals 1 homozygous recessive individual Explanation of terminology: px p=p² There are 50 individuals in this particular population. We want to see if allele distributions change from generation to generation. We will use the Hardy Weinberg equations to find out. Due to migration and random mating of the parent generation, the percentage of homozygous recessive genotypes in Generation 2 offspring increases, changing_"a" to 40%, so a = 40 If "a" = .40, and "a"=q, then q = $ Remember that p + q = 1.0 If q, then p must = How many of these 50 offspring are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive? p² + 2pq+q²= 1.0 (100%) Formula: Translation: (pxp) + (2xpxq) + (qxq) = 1.0 (100%) Substitute numbers: (x) + (2x) + ( x ) = 1.0 (100%) Work out numbers: p² = 2pq= q² = p+q=1.0 (100% of the alleles for this trait in the population) 2xpxq=2pq qxq=q² p²+2pq+q 1.0 (Don't panic! You can do this!) F4 - DII Compare the allele distribution in Generation 1 with the allele distribution in Generation 2 (above). Has microevolution occurred? How do you know? % + + = 1.0 (100%) (p²) (2pq) (9²) % x 50 people in the population = % x 50 people in the population = % x 50 people in the population = F5 OL Der ☀ < F6 * F7 homozygous dominant people (AA) heterozygous people (Aa) homozygous recessive people (aa) & PrtScn F8 D Home F9 End F10 PgUp F11 PgD
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