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Name: 6. Consider this pedigree for an X-linked dominant trait. What would
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Description: 6. Consider this pedigree for an X-linked dominant trait. What would be the genotypes of eachindividual in the pedigree?691011acer

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6. Consider this pedigree for an X-linked dominant trait. What would be the genotypes of each individual in the pedigree? 3. 10 2.

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter12: Mendel's Experiments And Heredity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 32CTQ: In Section 12.3, ''Laws of Inheritance," an example of epistasis was given for the summer squash....

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Human females have two X chromosomes (XX); males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). a. With respect to X-linked alleles, how many different types of gametes can a male produce? b. If a female is homozygous for an X-linked allele, how many types of gametes can she produce with respect to that allele? c. If a female is heterozygous for an X-linked allele, how many types of gametes can she produce with respect to that allele?
The gene for flower position in pea plants exists as axial or terminal alleles. Given that axial is dominant to terminal, list all of the possible F1 and F2 genotypes and phenotypes from a cross involving parents that are homozygous for each trait. Express genotypes with conventional genetic abbreviations.
A heterozygous individual has a _______ for a trait being studied. a. pair of identical alleles b. pair of nonidentical alleles c. haploid condition, in genetic terms
In cats, the genotype AA produces tabby fur color; Aa is also a tabby, and aa is black. Another gene at a different locus is epistatic to the gene for fur color. When present in its dominant W form (WW or Ww), this gene blocks the formation of fur color and all the offspring are white; ww individuals develop normal fur color. What fur colors, and in what proportions, would you expect from the cross AaWw Aa Ww?
Some recessive alleles have such a detrimental effect that they are lethal when present in both chromosomes of a pair. Homozygous recessives cannot survive and die at some point during embryonic development. Suppose that the allele r is lethal in the homozygous rr condition. What genotypic ratios would you expect among the living offspring of the following crosses? a. RRRr b. RrRr
In Section 12.3, ''Laws of Inheritance," an example of epistasis was given for the summer squash. Cross white WAvYy heterozygotes to prove the phenotypic ratio of 12 white:3 yellow:l green that was given in the text.
Individuals affected by a condition known as polydactyly have extra fingers or toes. The following pedigree shows the pattern of inheritance of this trait in one family: From the pedigree, can you tell if polydactyly comes from a dominant or recessive allele? Is the trait sex-linked? As far as you can determine, what is the genotype of each person in the pedigree with respect to the trait?
Another gene in Drosophila determines wing length. The dominant wild-type allele of this gene produces long wings; a recessive allele produces vestigial (short) wings. A female that is true- breeding for red eyes and long wings is mated with a male that has purple eyes and vestigial wings. F1 females are then crossed with purple-eyed, vestigial-winged males. From this second cross, a total of 600 offspring are obtained with the following combinations of traits: 252 with red eyes and long wings 276 with purple eyes and vestigial wings 42 with red eyes and vestigial wings 30 with purple eyes and long wings Are the genes linked, unlinked, or sex-linked? If they are linked, how many map units separate them on the chromosome?
A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. What if the couple wanted prenatal testing so that a normal fetus could be aborted?
A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. What is the chance that this couple will have a child with two copies of the dominant mutant gene? What is the chance that the child will have normal height?
A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. Should the parents be concerned about the heterozygous condition as well as the homozygous mutant condition?
9. Make a pedigree for each of the following situations. For each individual, write the individual's genotype (when possible) next to the individual's symbol (e.g. O xty, I Gg): a. Two parents do not have cystic fibrosis and they have a daughter with cystic fibrosis and a son who does not have cystic fibrosis. The daughter grows up and she mates with a male who does not have cystic fibrosis. Their only child is a boy and he has cystic fibrosis. b. A man with hemophilia mates with a female without hemophilia. They have one son and one daughter. The daughter has hemophilia and the son does not have hemophilia. The son grows up, and he marries and mates with a female. Their only child is a boy, and he has hemophilia.