2. Below is a list of materials and their indexes of refraction. Analyze the listand use it to answer the accompanying questions.Vegetable oil: n = 1.47Ethyl Alcohol: n = 1.36A)B)C)Glass: n = 1.52Zircon: n = 1.92Calculate the speed of light in glass.Of these media, the substance that is the most optically dense is:Of these media, light is going to travel the fastest through:

Givenn(oil)=1.47n(alcohol)=1.36n(glass)=1.52n(zircon)=1.92Important formula to be used…

2. Below is a list of materials and their indexes of refraction. Analyze the list and use it to answer the accompanying questions. Vegetable oil: n = 1.47 Ethyl Alcohol: n = 1.36 A) B) Glass: n = 1.52 Zircon: n = 1.92 Calculate the speed of light in glass. Of these media, the substance that is the most optically dense is:

2. Below is a list of materials and their indexes of refraction. Analyze the list and use it to answer the accompanying questions. Vegetable oil: n = 1.47 Ethyl Alcohol: n = 1.36 A) B) Glass: n = 1.52 Zircon: n = 1.92 Calculate the speed of light in glass. Of these media, the substance that is the most optically dense is:

Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student Edition

1st Edition

ISBN:9780078807213

Author:Paul W. Zitzewitz

Publisher:Paul W. Zitzewitz

Chapter18: Refraction And Lenses

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 50A

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Unreasonable results Light traveling from water to a gemstone strikes the surface at an angle of 80.00 and has an angle of refraction of 15.2°. (a) What is the speed of light in the gemstone? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?
Light is incident on a prism as shown in Figure P38.31. The prism, an equilateral triangle, is made of plastic with an index of refraction of 1.46 for red light and 1.49 for blue light. Assume the apex angle of the prism is 60.00. a. Sketch the approximate paths of the rays for red and blue light as they travel through and then exit the prism. b. Determine the measure of dispersion, the angle between the red and blue rays that exit the prism. Figure P38.31
Figure P35.20 (page 958) shows a curved surface separating a material with index of refraction n1 from a material with index n2. The surface forms an image I of object O. The ray shown in red passes through the surface along a radial line. Its angles of incidence and refraction are both zero, so its direction does not change at the surface. For the ray shown in blue, the direction changes according to Snells law, n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2. For paraxial rays, we assume 1, and 2 are small, so we may write n1 tan 1 = n2 tan 2. The magnification is defined as M = h/h. Prove that the magnification is given by M = n1q/n2p. Figure P35.20
A Fermats principle of least time for refraction. A ray of light traveling in a medium with speed v1 leaves point A and strikes the boundary between the incident and transmitted media a horizontal distance x from point A as shown in Figure P38.98. The refracted ray travels with speed v2 in the second medium, eventually reaching point B. The horizontal distance between points A and B is L. a. Calculate the time t required for the light to travel from A to B in terms of the parameters labeled in the figure. b. Now take the derivative of t with respect to x. What is the condition for which the ray of light will take the shortest time to travel from A to B? Figure P38.98
Give three advantages that the Fresnel lens design has over that of a conventional lens with the same size and focal length.
Pierre de Fermat (16011665) showed that whenever light travels from one point to another, its actual path is the path that requires the smallest time interval. This statement is known as Fermats principle. The simplest example is for light propagating in a homogeneous medium. It moves in a straight line because a straight line is the shortest distance between two points. Derive Snells law of refraction from Fermats principle. Proceed as follows. In Figure P34.54, a light ray travels from point P in medium 1 to point Q in medium 2. The two points are, respectively, at perpendicular distances a and b from the interface. The displacement from P to Q has the component d parallel to the interface, and we let x represent the coordinate of the point where the ray enters the second medium. Let t = 0 be the instant the light starts from P. (a) Show that the time at which the light arrives at Q is t=r1v1+r2v2=n1a2+x2c+n2b2+(dx)2c (b) To obtain the value of x for which t has its minimum value, differentiate t with respect to x and set the derivative equal to zero. Show that the result implies n1xa2+x2=n2(dx)b2+(dx)2 (c) Show that this expression in turn gives Snells law. n1sin1=n2sin2 Figure P34.54 Problems 54 and 55.
A small telescope has a concave mirror with a 2.00-rn radius of curvature for its objective. Its eyepiece is a 4.00 cm-focal length lens. (a) What is the telescope’s angular magnification? (b) What angle is subtended by a 25,000 km-diameter sunspot? (c) What is the angle of its telescopic image?
Light in medium A undergoes a total internal reflection as it reaches the interface with medium B. Which of the following statements must be true (choose all that apply)? (a) nB nA (b) nB nA (c) All light rays that undergo a total internal reflection travel along the interface between the two materials. (d) Light traveling in the opposite direction, from B into A, cannot undergo a total internal reflection.
The index of refraction for water is about 43. What happens as a beam of light travels from air into water? (a) Its speed increases to 43c, and its frequency decreases. (b) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength decreases by a factor of 34. (c) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength increases by a factor of 43. (d) Its speed and frequency remain the same. (e) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its frequency increases.
7. Light is going from glass into air, as shown below. The angle of incidence is 30°, and the index of refraction for the glass is n=1.4. Assume that the index of refraction for air is the same as for a vacuum (i.e., nair =1). What is the angle of refraction? At what critical angle would the light be "trapped" in the glass? What is the speed of light when it is travelling in the glass? a. b. с. 01=30° glass air 02=??
Light is refracted through a glass. If the angle of incidence is 60 °, and the angle of refraction is 35 °, what is the index of refraction? a. 1.3 b. 1.2 Oc. 1.7 O d. 2.4 e. 1.5