13-14. A set of Hfr strains transfer markers in the following order. Strain Transfer order JIAF G 1 ED BGFA IJH CE D CED B 13. Which of the following gene orders is correct? A: AFGEDBCHIJ B: ECHIJAFGBD C: E D B G FACH JI D: E D B G FACHIJ E: A F G BD ECHJI 14. Which Hfr strains have F factors inserted in the same orientation? A: 1 and 3 oriented the same way, 2 and 4 both oriented the other way B: 1 and 2 oriented the same way, 3 and 4 both oriented the other way C: 1 and 4 oriented the same way, 2 and 3 both oriented the other way D: 1 oriented one way, 2, 3 and 4 all oriented the other way E: all are oriented the same way 2 UYSerlero
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- 3 2. The table below was obtained by P1 phage transduction followed by media selection of an E. coli strain lacking the three genes. Determine the map order of the genes given the information provided. Demonstrate CLEARLY which are closer or farther from each other (no numbers needed). 1 2 MAP: Experiment Selected marker Ala+ Gly+ Ser+ Unselected markers (select- ed for by subsequent plating) 27% Ser+, 2% Gly+ 3% Ser+, 1% Ala+ 35% Ala+, 4% Gly+Eight mutant bacteriophage strains cannot lyse a certain type of bacteria that can be lysed by wild-type bacteriophages. The mutant strains were allowed to infect the bacteria in a complementation test. A "+" indicates that lysis occurred with coinfection. A "-" indicates that lysis did not occur. GKWTMAQC G- ++++- K W T M A Q C - + +++ - ++++ - + + - + - + - - + + + A cistron is defined by no complementation in the How many genes are controlling lysis in this bacteriophage? (Use a number not a word in the space) configuration.You are given two strains of E. coli. The Hfr strain is arg+ ala+ glu+ pro+ leu+ T s; the F− strain is arg − ala− glu− pro−leu− T r. All the markers are nutritional except T, which determines sensitivity or resistance to phage T1. The order of entry is as given, with arg+ entering the recipient first and T slast. You find that the F− strain dies when exposed to penicillin (pens), but the Hfr strain does not (penr). How would you locate the locus for pen on the bacterial chromosome with respect to arg, ala, glu, pro, and leu? Formulate your answer in logical, well-explained steps, and draw explicit diagrams where possible.
- A bacterium of genotype a+ b+ c+ d+ is the donor in a cotransformation mapping. The recipient is a-b-c-d-. Data from the transformed cells is shown below. What is the order of the genes? a+ and b+ 5 a+ and c+ 2 a+ and d+ 0 b+ and c+ 0 b+ and d+ 0 c+ and d+ 5 cbad cadb bcda acbd bacdIn five Hfr strains, each of which was used to build a time-of-transfer map, the genes entered the recipient cells as follows: Strain 1: S L A C T F Strain 2: N P F T C A Strain 3: T F P N U Y Strain 4: S H Y U N P Strain 5: U N P F T C Which of the following represents a correct gene map of these results? N P F T S L A C H U Y S L A C T F P N H Y U C T F P N U Y H S L A T C A L S P N U Y H F U N P C A L S F T H Ycterium of genotype a+b+c+ is the donor in a cotransformation mapping experiment. The recipient is a-b-c-. percentages of co-transformation are: a-c = 7; b-c = 20: a-b =2 nich two markers are furthest apart? O d) cannot be determined O b-c a-b a-c
- If you Infect the Jurkat T lymphocyte cell line with HIV-1 strain IIIB. Lyse the infected cells at the peak cytopathic effect and isolate DNA from the whole cell lysates. What minimum biosafety Level (1-4) by the BMBL will be used for this experiment?5 strains of E. coli are isolated. They may be mutated on the ara, mal, leu and pro genes, and only these 4 genes. The 5 strains (E1 to E5) are tested on 5 different media and colonies are observed the next day. Rich Media (Lb) E5 E4 E1 E2Ⓡ E3 MM + Mal+Leu E5 E4 X ● E1 E5 X MM + Mal E4 X X E1 E3 E2 E5 ✪✪ E2 E4 ● E1 E5 MM + Mal+Leu +Pro E2 E3 MM + Ara E4 X X E1 E3 E2 X X Colonies are indicated by a black dot, absence of a colony is indicated by a cross. 1) Determine the genotypes of the 5 bacterial strains (E1 - E5)8. You infect E. coli cells with two strains of T4 virus. One strain is minute (m), rapid lysis (r) and turbid (t); the other is wild-type for all three markers. The lytic products of this dual infection are plated on a lawn of E. coli and the morphology of the plaques are classified. The resulting 10, 342 plaques were distributed among eight phenotypes, as follows: mrt 3467 +++ 3729 mr+ 853 m+t 162 m++ 520 +rt 474 +r+ 172 ++t 965 You decide to repeat the exact same experiment as outlined above and this time you count and classify 25, 000 plaques? How many plaques would you expect to be wild-type for all three markers? (Hint: You will need to calculate the expected DCO class for the cross above and apply that to your answer.)
- The main reason/reasons that motivated the geneticengineers to use E. coli in the production of monoclonal antibodies compared to the usual techniques is/are: O a. The quality of monoclonal antibody produced by the usual method is poor. O b. The establishment of hybridomas is not easy. O. Theusual technique produces only polyclonal antibodies. O d. The isolation of lymphocytes is difficult. O e. The isolation of spleen cells is difficult.During the development process of a vaccine for the newly discovered Sars-COV-2 (COVID- 19) virus, pharmaceutical companies developed two potential vaccine candidates, BNT162b2 and Ad26.COV2. Some researchers postulated that BNT162b2 will be more ef- fective than Ad26.COV2 because only BNT162b2 directly targets the protein-manufactur- ing mechanisms in the cell. To test this claim, researchers proposed an experiment in which data will be collected about the efficacy of the two vaccine candidates. In the proposed study, two groups of mice will be randomly assigned one of the vaccine candidates and then infected with the virus. Data about the severity of symptoms in each group will then be collected. Which of the following describes a potential method for measuring the dependent variable in this experimental design? A B с D measure the amount of virus administered to each group measure the time between vaccine administration and virus infection in each group measure the amount of vaccine…Before development of a vaccine against this microbe, thedisease it caused accounted for two-thirds of bacterial meningi-tis cases during the first year of life but is still the number oneleading cause of mental retardation in patients who survive seri-ous disease due to permanent central nervous system disorders.What is the microorganism?(a) Haemophilus influenzae type B(b) Haemophilus influenzae type A(c) Neisseria meningitidis(d) Streptococcus pneumoniae(e) Listeria monocytogenes